This painting shows the Grand Canal, the main waterway in Venice, Italy in perspective. Along the banks of the canal are recognizable buildings and architectures such as Palazzo Grimani and Rialto Brigde. The sides of the canal are crowded with barges and gondolas filled with gaily dressed spectators; in the extreme right foreground is a crowded staircase descending to the water in shadow.
A city of light and water, Venice enabled Turner to indulge his fascination with brilliant effects of color and luminosity. More than a simple view of the famous city, the painting presents also offers associations that would have been familiar to English visitors. For example, in the right foreground, leaning out a window, the figure of Shylock from Shakespeare’s play The Merchant of Venice brandishes a document, a set of scales, and a knife—all references to his infamous demand of a pound of flesh in exchange for a loan. Turner’s image of Venice is of a fantastic dreamscape of plays and fables, where reflections on the water and shimmering highlights delight the eye.