Visual Materials
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[Gothic bookmark, dial type and two metal ball-end pointers or fastners]
Rare Books
Manuscript dial type bookmark; the handwriting on the vellum leaf dates roughly from 1450 to 1500 and appears to be a fragment of a records document or charter. Dial is numbered in Roman numerals from "I" to "IV" on both sides. Two metal fastners or pointers accompany the bookmark. They end in a hollow metal ball less than 10 mm in diameter and have small flat shanks attached, one is 34 mm in length and the other is 19 mm. At the time of cataloging, one was attached to a small note card accompanying these items and the other was loose. It is possible that the two metal items were attached by a single bar which has subsequently broken. These may have been used as bookmarks with the ball end protruding above the text block, or as a fastner for the bookmark. Removed from the Huntington's copy of Antonious, Saint, Archbishop of Florence, 1389-1459. Chronica sive Opus historiarum. Basel : Nicolaus Kesler, 1491 (Call number 89754). It is not known which volume of the set the items were removed from, but the note accompanying the bookmarks reads "From Mr. Schad , Aug. 1928". Robert O. Schad was curator of rare books at the Huntington Library from 1926 to 1961.
195360
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Communications (Los Angeles Times)
Visual Materials
The collection consists of 70 panoramic negatives, 3207 copy prints, and corresponding negatives and interpositives, covering the years 1924-1948. The images depict specific places, businesses, and commercial activity in both central and southern California, with the emphasis on Los Angeles County. The collection provides a broad overview of the commercial landscape of the area during the first half of the twentieth century. In addition, there is also a tape measure produced by the studio in the 1950s. The 70 panoramic negatives depict undeveloped and newly developed areas of Los Angeles, including Pacific Palisades, Santa Monica, and Alhambra, views of Lido Isle in Newport, and Republic Studios in Studio City. There are also images of Los Angeles industries, including film and automotive, as well as specific locations, such as the Hollywood Bowl, and events, such as swimming events during the 1932 Olympics. The first part of the collection of copy prints depicts specific towns, businesses, street scenes and landscapes in central and southern California, specifically El Dorado, Inyo, and Nevada Counties, Lake Tahoe, Kern, Tulare, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, and Imperial Counties, Mexico, and Los Angeles County. The bulk of these images depict Ventura, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, and Los Angeles Counties. The Ventura County images concentrate on Port Hueneme. The Orange County images depict Fullerton, Santa Ana, Anaheim, Laguna Beach, Capistrano Beach, Balboa and Newport Beach, and Lido Isle. In Riverside County, the images depict Lake Elsinore, Perris, Corona, the Sherman Institute, Riverside, Norco, Palm Springs, San Jacinto, Hemet, and a number of hot springs. The San Bernardino images depict Twentynine Palms, Fontana, Chino, Ontario, San Bernardino, Big Bear and Lake Arrowhead. In San Diego County, images depict Mount Helix, La Mesa, El Cajon, Alpine, Pine Valley, Descanso, Lakeside, Ramona, Escondido, Vista, Rancho San Luis Rey, Bonsall, Tahiti Beach, Del Mar, Solana Beach, La Jolla, Casa de Manana, and the San Diego Fairgrounds (Balboa Park). Los Angeles County images form the bulk of the second section. Images of the San Gabriel Valley and nearby areas depict Flintridge, Altadena, Monrovia, Glendora, Azusa, East Los Angeles, Montebello, Whittier, the Pio Pico Adobe, Santa Fe Springs, Downey, Norwalk, Bellflower, El Monte, Baldwin Park, Covina, the Pomona Fairgrounds, San Marino, Pasadena, Sierra Madre, Alhambra, El Sereno, San Gabriel, Monterey Park, Arcadia, and Santa Anita. Images of Los Angeles beach communities include Long Beach, San Pedro and Fish Harbor, Palos Verdes and Rancho Palos Verdes, Redondo Beach, Hermosa Beach, Manhattan Beach, Playa del Rey, Venice, Santa Monica and coastal areas. The collection also depicts West Los Angeles, specifically Westwood and the University of California, Los Angeles, Bel Air, and Brentwood. Central, East and South Los Angeles are represented by images of Hollywood, Los Feliz, Culver City, Leimert Park, Baldwin Hills, Inglewood, View Park, Hawthorne, Westchester, and Gardena. The San Fernando Valley images depict Woodland Hills, Encino, Sherman Oaks, North Hollywood, and Studio City. Also present in the collection are images of specific locations within Los Angeles proper (such as the Los Angeles riverbed, the Farmer's Market and Gilmore Stadium, Olvera Street, Los Angeles theaters, hospitals and businesses, City Hall, the Los Angeles Public Library, the Los Angeles Times Building under construction, Memorial Coliseum and the Olympic pool, and the Pan-Pacific Auditorium). Of particular note are the series of photographs that depict new housing tracts (Midwick View Estates, Rolling Knolls, Rolling Hills Estates, Beverly Wood), Wilshire Boulevard from Westlake to Western Avenues, the business district around La Brea Avenue and Wilshire Boulevard, and the construction of the Federal Building and Post Office in central Los Angeles. The collection also contains images arranged by subject. These include photographs of advertising (signs, billboards and displays); radio and television communications; clubs; people (including Herbert Hoover, J.W. Robinson, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Frank Shaw, Archibald Joseph Cronin, and Bing Crosby); transportation (including Los Angeles Railway cars and Union Station); industries (food processing, fruits, water, rubber, steel, quarries, entertainment, and miscellaneous); construction (dams and aqueducts, housing); recreation; circuses; police and fire; cemeteries, charities and relief; religion; photography and photographers; World War II effort; medical; ranches; automobiles; trucks; buses; motorcycles; automobile dealerships and used car lots; racing cars; races; National Auto School; and aviation. Of particular note are the series of photographs depicting tire production by Goodyear; the interior of the Bethlehem Steel Plant; the construction of the Metropolitan aqueduct and Parker Dam; the construction of Boulder (now Hoover) Dam; assembly lines in Ford, Plymouth, Studebaker, and Willys-Knight plants; photographs of Amelia Earhart, Howard Hughes, and other aviators; images of the Douglas Aircraft plant; Timm Aircraft plastic plane construction; and images of Vultee Aircraft plants.
photCL Whitt
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Los Angeles. City Hall; Los Angeles Public Library; Los Angeles Times Building construction
Visual Materials
The collection consists of 70 panoramic negatives, 3207 copy prints, and corresponding negatives and interpositives, covering the years 1924-1948. The images depict specific places, businesses, and commercial activity in both central and southern California, with the emphasis on Los Angeles County. The collection provides a broad overview of the commercial landscape of the area during the first half of the twentieth century. In addition, there is also a tape measure produced by the studio in the 1950s. The 70 panoramic negatives depict undeveloped and newly developed areas of Los Angeles, including Pacific Palisades, Santa Monica, and Alhambra, views of Lido Isle in Newport, and Republic Studios in Studio City. There are also images of Los Angeles industries, including film and automotive, as well as specific locations, such as the Hollywood Bowl, and events, such as swimming events during the 1932 Olympics. The first part of the collection of copy prints depicts specific towns, businesses, street scenes and landscapes in central and southern California, specifically El Dorado, Inyo, and Nevada Counties, Lake Tahoe, Kern, Tulare, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, and Imperial Counties, Mexico, and Los Angeles County. The bulk of these images depict Ventura, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, and Los Angeles Counties. The Ventura County images concentrate on Port Hueneme. The Orange County images depict Fullerton, Santa Ana, Anaheim, Laguna Beach, Capistrano Beach, Balboa and Newport Beach, and Lido Isle. In Riverside County, the images depict Lake Elsinore, Perris, Corona, the Sherman Institute, Riverside, Norco, Palm Springs, San Jacinto, Hemet, and a number of hot springs. The San Bernardino images depict Twentynine Palms, Fontana, Chino, Ontario, San Bernardino, Big Bear and Lake Arrowhead. In San Diego County, images depict Mount Helix, La Mesa, El Cajon, Alpine, Pine Valley, Descanso, Lakeside, Ramona, Escondido, Vista, Rancho San Luis Rey, Bonsall, Tahiti Beach, Del Mar, Solana Beach, La Jolla, Casa de Manana, and the San Diego Fairgrounds (Balboa Park). Los Angeles County images form the bulk of the second section. Images of the San Gabriel Valley and nearby areas depict Flintridge, Altadena, Monrovia, Glendora, Azusa, East Los Angeles, Montebello, Whittier, the Pio Pico Adobe, Santa Fe Springs, Downey, Norwalk, Bellflower, El Monte, Baldwin Park, Covina, the Pomona Fairgrounds, San Marino, Pasadena, Sierra Madre, Alhambra, El Sereno, San Gabriel, Monterey Park, Arcadia, and Santa Anita. Images of Los Angeles beach communities include Long Beach, San Pedro and Fish Harbor, Palos Verdes and Rancho Palos Verdes, Redondo Beach, Hermosa Beach, Manhattan Beach, Playa del Rey, Venice, Santa Monica and coastal areas. The collection also depicts West Los Angeles, specifically Westwood and the University of California, Los Angeles, Bel Air, and Brentwood. Central, East and South Los Angeles are represented by images of Hollywood, Los Feliz, Culver City, Leimert Park, Baldwin Hills, Inglewood, View Park, Hawthorne, Westchester, and Gardena. The San Fernando Valley images depict Woodland Hills, Encino, Sherman Oaks, North Hollywood, and Studio City. Also present in the collection are images of specific locations within Los Angeles proper (such as the Los Angeles riverbed, the Farmer's Market and Gilmore Stadium, Olvera Street, Los Angeles theaters, hospitals and businesses, City Hall, the Los Angeles Public Library, the Los Angeles Times Building under construction, Memorial Coliseum and the Olympic pool, and the Pan-Pacific Auditorium). Of particular note are the series of photographs that depict new housing tracts (Midwick View Estates, Rolling Knolls, Rolling Hills Estates, Beverly Wood), Wilshire Boulevard from Westlake to Western Avenues, the business district around La Brea Avenue and Wilshire Boulevard, and the construction of the Federal Building and Post Office in central Los Angeles. The collection also contains images arranged by subject. These include photographs of advertising (signs, billboards and displays); radio and television communications; clubs; people (including Herbert Hoover, J.W. Robinson, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Frank Shaw, Archibald Joseph Cronin, and Bing Crosby); transportation (including Los Angeles Railway cars and Union Station); industries (food processing, fruits, water, rubber, steel, quarries, entertainment, and miscellaneous); construction (dams and aqueducts, housing); recreation; circuses; police and fire; cemeteries, charities and relief; religion; photography and photographers; World War II effort; medical; ranches; automobiles; trucks; buses; motorcycles; automobile dealerships and used car lots; racing cars; races; National Auto School; and aviation. Of particular note are the series of photographs depicting tire production by Goodyear; the interior of the Bethlehem Steel Plant; the construction of the Metropolitan aqueduct and Parker Dam; the construction of Boulder (now Hoover) Dam; assembly lines in Ford, Plymouth, Studebaker, and Willys-Knight plants; photographs of Amelia Earhart, Howard Hughes, and other aviators; images of the Douglas Aircraft plant; Timm Aircraft plastic plane construction; and images of Vultee Aircraft plants.
photCL Whitt
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Lewis R. Freeman papers
Manuscripts
The collection focuses on Lewis Freeman's travel writings from the early 1900s through the 1950s, and includes unpublished book and article manuscripts, published articles in printed journals, and correspondence with various agents and publishers regarding Freeman's writing submissions. The collection also includes some personal manuscripts, photographs, and diaries. The correspondence includes personal letters from British Military Secretary Sir Douglas Brownrigg (1919-1921); a letter from L.A. Huffman regarding ordering photographs (1922); a letter from photo artist Byron Harmon regarding Freeman's travel photographs (1925); and reviews and fan mail from various correspondents regarding Freeman's published books and articles. Navy correspondence includes a letter from the Lords Commissioners of the British Admiralty granting Freeman the rank of Temporary Honorary Lieutenant RNVR aboard the H.M.S. President (1917); a letter from Richard W. Gruelick of the U.S. Office of Naval Intelligence regarding Freeman's joining of a fleet sailing from Hawaii for an Australia-New Zealand Cruise (1925); a letter from R.S. Berkey of the U.S.S. California inviting Freeman to come aboard by favor of Admiral Pratt (1929); a letter from H.V. Butler of the U.S.S. Texas passing on edits made by Admiral Wiley to one of Freeman's forthcoming articles (1929); a letter from N.W. Camanole of the U.S. War Department asking for Freeman's cooperation in supplying his knowledge as an "authority of the Far East"; and a letter from S.C. Godfrey of the War Department's Mississippi River Commission, which includes 8 photographs taken on the U.S. tender boat Willow. Also included is correspondence and maps from the Hillman-Long Company regarding Freeman's oil leases in Orange County, California (1936-1937). There are a few pieces of correspondence written by Freeman, including two extensive letters to the Secretary of the Explorers Club (1946). Much of the correspondence consists of responses – both of acceptance and rejection – from various publications in response to Freeman's proposed books and articles. Correspondents include The Authors' League of America, Bus Transportation , The Daily Telegraph, Dodd, Mead and Company, Fox Film Corporation, The Hudson's Bay Company, The Illustrated London News, the Italy America Society, the League of American Pen Women, The Livingston Enterprise, the London Joint City and Midland Bank Limited, The London Times, National Geographic, Popular Mechanics, and Sunset Magazine. The miscellaneous manuscripts and ephemera include personal items such as Freeman's passport (1916-1917), Colombian identity card (1930), and various song lyrics and poems; naval dispatches sent by Freeman during his time aboard the U.S.S. California, the U.S. Submarine Holland, the U.S. Destroyer Litchfield, and the U.S.S. Saratoga (c.1929); a group of destroyer reports from the British Admiralty (1916-1918); sheet music composed by Freeman and Helen Lurens Gaut (1924); excerpts from various publications; a copy of the introduction to Freeman's photographs for "The Feet of the Young Men"; and 46 pieces of newspaper clippings and printed ephemera. The photographs in Box 2 include those for Freeman's articles "Amazon Navigation" and "Rubber," one of a tree at Cedar Breaks National Park in Utah, a scene of an Indian village at Walpi on the Colorado River, a portrait photograph of Freeman by G. Maillard-Kesslere, a posed portrait of the Delta Phi Club (1895), navy photographs of Freeman and Commander Ramsoy, and a photograph of Freeman on an unidentified tundra. The diaries include those of Freeman's trips to Alaska (1898-1900) and the Canadian Rockies (1916), as well as undated accounts of travels to Colombia and throughout South America, to the Marquesas and the South Seas, along the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers, and brief accounts of trips to Wisconsin and Grand Rapids. The essays and articles consist of typed copies of Freeman's stories, many of which were later published. Some of the articles are accompanied by photographs, several of which were also used in later publications. The articles focus on Freeman's extensive travel experiences, including his trips to India, the South Pacific, South America, Canada, Cuba, along the Mississippi River, Samoa, Hawaii, China, French Polynesia, and Indonesia. Other topics covered in the articles include Rudyard Kipling, World War I (including the British Red Cross in Italy and battles over Serbia), naval events, new forms of electricity, the Guayaquil and Quinto Railway, the conditions of Chinese immigrants in ship steerage, the Shanghai Plague Riot, hunting in British East Africa, and the use of whale meat. The unidentified book notes include manuscript pages and notebooks containing fragments of writings apparently to be used in constructing book texts. The pencil manuscript for When Kalu Blooms contains original drafts for portions of the book, although significant sections (including chapters 6-13) are not included. The typed book manuscripts consist of annotated typescripts and galley proofs for portions of Afloat and Aflight in the Caribbean, Boating Arctic Rivers, Caribbean Jungle Jaunts, Discovering South America, Dogs and Dog-Fights, Many Rivers, Marquesan Nocturne (2 versions of the complete manuscript), Waterways of Western Wandering, and When Kalu Blooms. The publications include articles that appeared in printed journals and other publications. Some of the many and widely varied topics the articles explore are bus travel, boating American rivers, railroads in Asia, Africa, and South America, hydro-electricity, industrialization in Italy, polo and tennis in California, World War I, the future of Jerusalem, business opportunities in the Philippines, Turkey's relationship to Asia, and flight exploration. While most of the articles were written by Freeman, there are also a few pieces by other authors, including R.J. Bjierstedt, Arthur James, Angus McGregor, Moacir Simardi, and Gino Speranza, as well as an interview with Freeman that appeared in Andean Air Mail and Peruvian Times (1942). Some of the publications include The Atlantic Monthly, World Today, Motor Boating, Bus Transportation, The American Review of Reviews, Outing Magazine, The Outlook, The Los Angeles Times, The Pacific Monthly, Popular Mechanics Magazine, Overland Monthly, The Sportsman, Andean Air Mail and Peruvian Times, and The Sportsman Pilot.
mssFreeman papers
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Frederick Jackson Turner papers
Manuscripts
The following notes on the Turner papers were compiled after only a three-month examination of those papers. Hence they make no pretense of completeness or accuracy. They are compiled only to serve as a general guide to later users of the papers. The following outline, or index, of the sections of this report that follow may make its use easier: 1: Correspondence and Documents Frederick Jackson Turner's correspondence, together with certain important documents, has been expertly arranged in a series of flat boxes, each bearing a number, date, and appropriate descriptive designation. Within each box the letters to and from Turner, or the documents, have been placed in folders, each of which bears a descriptive title and date. Arrangement within each box in chronological. The correspondence an document boxes may be conveniently divided into several categories: General correspondence during Turner's life. This is contained in Boxes 1 through 47. Included are letters written by and to Turner between the time of his boyhood and his death on March 14, 1932. Three letters from Woodrow Wilson are present, see descriptions for Boxes 3 and 9. General correspondence, 1932-1956. This is contained in Boxes 48 through 52. Many of the letters in these boxes relate to the efforts of the Huntington Library to assemble the Turner correspondence, to the publication of his posthumous books, etc. A large number are extremely valuable for an understanding of Turner, for they were written by friends and former students who frequently reminisced at length on his virtues. Form of citation: TU Box 48, Correspondence, Apr.-June 10, 1932. Biographical and Autobiographical Material. This is contained in Box 53, a large flat box. Contained in this box are diplomas received by Turner, certificates of membership in learned societies, honorary degrees, and the like. Box 62 also has biographical and genealogical data. Manuscripts and Documents. These are in Boxes 54 through 57, covering the years 1877 to 1932. Materials have been placed in blue folders, each labeled and dated, and arranged in chronological order. The boxes contain some of Turner's earliest historical writings, notes for lectures and seminars, drafts of essays, etc., clippings, and other personal data. For of citation: TU Box 54, Manuscripts & Documents, 1877-1900. The Turner-Hooper correspondence. This is contained in eight boxes, the first seven of which are devoted to letters between Turner and Mrs. William Hooper (Mrs. Alice Forbes Perkins Hooper). Mrs. Hooper, a daughter of Charles Elliott Perkins, president of the Burlington Railroad, and wife of William Hooper of a prominent New England family, became acquainted with Turner when he first moved to Harvard University in 1910. She played a leading financial role in establishing the Harvard Commission on Western History under his guidance. These initial contacts led to a lasting friendship, which endured to the time of Turner's death. Hence this is a unique correspondence, in which he discusses his political beliefs, his writing, his teaching, his reading, and the ordinary events of the day with a frankness that he displayed to few others. The correspondence is essential for biographical purposes, and reveals Turner at his witty best. The eighth box in the series contains letters between Mrs. Hooper and Max Farrand concerning the disposition of the letters after Turner's death. Her comments on Turner's character in these letters are revealing. Form of citation: TU-H Box 1, Turner-Hooper Correspondence, 1910-1912. Also in Turner-Hooper Correspondencs, Boxes A-D: correspondence from other people. Turner Family letters These are now in Boxes A-K. 2: Manuscript Volumes Included in the Turner papers are a number of items of importance which have been separately preserved and catalogued. Notes on the contents of each of these volumes follow. Citation is to: TU Volume 1, etc. 1. TU Vol. 1, Red Book. This contains letters from students and friends written to Turner a the time he left the University of Wisconsin to go to Harvard. They were solicited by one of his former students, Professor James Alton James. Mounted in a red-colored book, they are normally in the form of holograph letters. Folders in the correspondence boxes refer to each of these letters. 2. TU Vol. II, Blue Book. When Turner retired from Harvard, his friends and former students held a dinner in his honor. This was arranged by his students in his seminar for 1923-1924. Letters and telegrams written by friends and former students who could not attend have been arranged in a blue-covered book inscribed: "Frederick Jackson Turner May 24, 1924." In the book also is an envelope holding newspaper clippings dealing with his retirement. 3. TU Vol. III (1 & 2), Commonplace Book. These consist of two paper-bound notebooks in which Turner jotted down his thoughts, quotations that appealed to him, rough drafts of orations, and miscellaneous items during the period 1883-1887 when he was a student and graduate student at the University of Wisconsin. This is a valuable collection of materials which indicate his interests and the evolution of his historical concepts. 4. TU Vol. IV, A. J. Turner, History of Portage. A volume prepared by Andrew Jackson Turner, Frederick J. Turner's father, entitled: "A History of Portage, Wisconsin: A Talk to the local Women's Club." Typescript, 12 pp., fol. c.1900, bound in hard covers. 5. TU Vol. V, Letters of Condolence. Fifty-two letters of condolence and appreciation addressed to Mrs. Frederick Jackson Turner between March 15, 1932 and November 22, 1932. Chronologically arranged in a portfolio, entitled: "Letters of Condolence and Appreciation Addressed to Caroline Mae (Sherwood) Turner, on the death of Her Husband, March 14, 1932." 6. TU Vol. VI, Collection of Syllabuses. These include both printed and manuscript syllabuses for period c. 1893 to 1909 on: English history (probably prepared by Professor Allen), The Colonization of North America, and The History of the West. Collected in hard-cover folder labeled: "Collection of Syllabuses: [c.1893-1909]. 7. TU Vol. VII, Bibliography of United States History. Manuscript bibliography of United States history, 1865-1910, prepared by Turner for his section of the Channing, Hart and Turner, Guide. Additions and corrections have been made in Turner's hand, and by others. 8. TU Vol. VIII, Dictionary of American Biography. Turner was a leading instigator in the publication of the Dictionary of American Biography under the sponsorship of the American Council of Learned Societies. This bound volume, collected by Turner, contains most of his correspondence in connection with the project. 9. TU Vol. IX, Town and Gown Club. A facsimile of a book entitled "Golden Anniversary Town and Gown, 1878-1928." The Town and Gown Club was an active organization in Madison, Wisconsin, to which Turner belonged. This book contains its records and history during his years of membership. His name is listed, but there are no comments or speeches by him recorded. 10. TU Vol. X, Diary and Correspondence Relating to Children. This volume contains several telegrams and letters received by the Turners at the time of the birth of their first daughter, Dorothy Kinsey Turner, on September 1, 1890. It also contains two diaries that Turner kept to record the day-by-day or week-by-week development of his children. The first, describing Dorothy Kinsley Turner, covers the period September 1, 1890 to September 1893. The second, a briefer document, is a diary of Allen Jackson Turner, June 26, 1892 to October, 1892. Handwritten on cheap paper mostly by Mrs. Turner. 11. TU Vol. XI, Journal of Camping Trip. A diary kept by Mrs. Frederick Jackson Turner during the summer of 1908 when the Turners camped with Mr. and Mrs. C. R. Van Hise, apparently in the Lake Superior country. Mr. Van Hise was president of the University of Wisconsin. Handwritten in pencil on small sheets of paper. 12. TU Vol. XII, Household Account Book. Notebook containing the household accounts, with notes of expenditures, of Mrs. Frederick Jackson Turner, Cambridge, Massachusetts, for rent, food, etc. Covers parts of 1921 and 1922. Written in pen in Mrs. Turner's hand. 13. TU Vols. XIII-XVIII, Student Notebooks. Common notebooks kept by Turner when he was a student at the University of Wisconsin. One bears notation: "Prof. Allen Hist. of U.S. Fred. J. Turner, Feb. 17, 1883." The remainder are undated, but presumably of the same period, and probably represent reading and lecture notes compiled in Professor Allen's course or later during Turner's graduate school career at Madison. Two notebooks marked "Am. History I 1492-1763," and "American History II 1763-1789," cover the colonial period. Three more on the "Period of the Republic" deal with aspects of that story: 1) Foreign Relations to 1820, 2) Political history to the Civil War, and 3) The Slavery Controversy to 1876. A final notebook covers the Civil War period, with heavy emphasis on battles. 14. TU Vol. XIX, Retiring Allowance Correspondence. Eighteen letters bound in a folder by Turner concerning his allowance on retirement. Included is the letter appointing him to his first teaching post in American history. 15. TU Vol. XX, References on the History of the West. Three copies of the Turner and Merk, List of References on the History of the West (1920 and 1922), heavily annotated by Turner. 3: File Drawers 1-22 These previously consisted of one bank of eighteen wooden, typewriter-size file drawers and four steel file drawers, numbered consecutively from one to twenty-two; now housed in 91 upright holinger boxes, numbered 1-22 and subdivided in consecutive letters. They contain the wide variety of materials accumulated by Professor Turner during his lifetime of reading American history: reading notes, occasional lecture notes, student papers, clippings from newspapers and magazines, maps that he prepared or found useful, offprints, magazine articles, and sections of books torn apart to e inserted at appropriate spots. Reference should be made to: TU File Drawer No. 1A, 1B, etc. A rough and tentative list of the contents of the various drawers follows: File Drawers 1 through 9. These contain materials noted above dealing with the period from early Colonial times to 1850. Contents of the separate drawers are as follows: • File Drawer No. 1. New England, 1492-1659; Middle Colonies, 1492-1659, South, 1492-1659, the West, 1492-1659; New England, 1660-1689; Middle Colonies, 1660-1689. • File Drawer No. 2. South, 1660-1689; General, 1690-1763; Middle Atlantic, 1690-1763; South, 1690-1763; New England, 1690-1763. • File Drawer No. 3. South, 1690-1763; West, 1690-1763; Far West, 1690-1763; General, 1761-1782; New England, 1764-1782; Middle Atlantic, 1764-1782. • File Drawer No. 4. West, 1764-1782; General, 1783-1788; New England, 1783-1788; Middle Atlantic, 1783-1788; West, 1783-1788. • File Drawer No. 5. General, 1789-1818. • File Drawer No. 6. General, 1789-1818 continued. • File Drawer No. 7. New England, 1789-1818; Middle Atlantic, 1789-1818; South, 1789-1818; West, 1789-1818; General, 1819-1829; New England, 1819-1829. • File Drawer No. 8. Middle Atlantic, 1819-1829; South, 1818-1829; Middle West, 1819-1829; Far West, 1818-1829; General, 1830-1850. • File Drawer No. 9. General, 1830-1850, continued. File drawer No. 10. This drawer, which is seemingly out of sequence, was found to contain far more useful material than the earlier drawers. Principally important are the lecture notes and completed lectures, especially those for the History of Liberty series given at Harvard University shortly after World War I. In these Turner reviewed many of his ideas concerning the nature of American society and its political institutions, often dwelling on his frontier and sectionalism themes in doing so. The drawer also contains notes for his lectures on political map studies, as well as a large number of maps that he apparently used for illustrative purposes while lecturing. The reading notes interspersed among these materials are largely for the 1830-1850 period. File Drawers 11 and 12. In these Professor Turner returned to his chronological sequence, as follows: • File Drawer No. 11. New England, 1830-1850; Middle Atlantic, 1830-1850; South, 1830-1820; Middle West, 1830-1850; Far West, 1830-1850; General, 1851-1865. • File Drawer No. 12. New England, 1851-1865; Middle Atlantic, 1851-1865; South, 1851-1865; Middle West, 1851-1865; Far West, 1851-1865. File Drawer No. 13. This, too, is seemingly out of place, a position probably explained by the fact that its contents were little used, and hence were relegated to the lowest level. It contains nothing but the research notes accumulated by Turner for his never-completed biography of George Rogers Clark. File Drawer No. 14. This drawer, and File Drawer No. 15, are the two most important for any student of Turner's historical concepts. Drawer No. 14 was apparently that occasionally referred to by Turner in his correspondence as the "Sectionalism" drawer; Drawer No. 15 he also sometimes designated as the "Frontier" drawer. The division, however, is by no means exact, and both drawers contain extremely valuable material on both subjects. In this drawer are the drafts, in various stages of completion, of several of his articles on sectionalism, notes and manuscripts of speeches, fragments of writing on the section, and the like. The materials have been placed in folders and many of them labeled. File Drawer No. 15. The contents of this drawer are even more important than those of Drawer No. 14 for a study of Turner as historian. It contains drafts of several of his articles, a number of speeches, essays in various stages of composition, and a wide range of biographical materials. Most of the items have been placed in folders, and labeled, many in the handwriting of Fulmer Mood. Any student with limited time available would do well to begin with this drawer, proceed to File Drawer No. 14 and to File Drawer 10, and then spend such time as remained on the other drawers in this bank. File Drawers 16 through 21. In these drawers Professor Turner filed the results of his reading and research on the period since 1866. They contain the usual items: reading notes, offprints, segments of books, articles, magazine clippings, maps, student notes, student papers, and an unusually large number of newspaper clippings, kept by Turner in his avid reading of contemporary events. Virtually the only material prepared by Turner in these drawers is his reading notes, and the drafts, usually first or second, of the sections that he prepared for the Channing, Hart and Turner Guide. There is little of interest on his frontier or sectional concepts, but the drawers do illustrate his catholic tastes, and his wide reading. Occasional research notes are buried midst the clippings, together with maps and charts that he probably used in teaching. The material emphasized in individual drawers is as follows: • File Drawer No. 16. General, 1866 to present. • File Drawer No. 17. General, 1866 to present. • File Drawer No. 18. General, 1866 to present. • File Drawer No. 19. General, 1866 to present. • File Drawer No. 20. New England, 1866 to present; Middle Atlantic, 1866 to present; South, 1866 to present; Middle West, 1866 to present. The bulk to the contents are in the latter category. At rear a few miscellaneous items, including skyscraper book. • File Drawer No. 21. The West, 1866 to present. In this drawer materials are arranged topically, under railroads, mining, cattlemen, agrarian movements, and the like. Many of the books and articles have been annotated or underlined by Turner, with his usual red pencil. At the rear of the drawer are several folders marked "Miscellany" which contain a variety of reading notes, bibliography, etc., dealing with an earlier period. File Drawer No. 22. In this drawer are the lecture notes apparently used by Professor Turner during his last teaching days at Harvard. The first portion contains notes for a course that begins about 1860 and continues through Reconstruction; the latter portion contains his notes for the second half of History 39, spring semester, 1924. These cover the period 1880 to 1920. The notes for each lecture are usually in rough form, with tables, maps and charts drawn by Turner to use as illustrative material, and the like. In only a few instances are the lectures written out in complete form. 4: File Drawers A-L These previously consisted of one bank of twelve steel file drawers, typewriter paper size, numbered consecutively A through L; now housed in 45 upright holinger boxes, numbered A-L and subdivided in consecutive numbers. They contain (with one exception noted below) the materials used by Professor Turner in writing his last book, The United States, 1830-1850. Included are, in most instances, his reading notes, outlines and fragments in Turner's hand, student theses, seminar reports, rough drafts of maps, charts, and elaborate tables and statistical data on which the maps were based. Rough drafts of the various parts of chapters are also to be found in some of the drawers. A rough and tentative listing of the contents of the various drawers follows: (Cited as TU File Drawer A1, A2... etc.) File Drawer A. [In folders at the front of the drawer are the correspondence between the Huntington Library and Henry Holt & Co. concerning the publishing of the book, and the accounts of Merrill H. Crissey, Professor Turner's secretary.] *All Holt correspondence has been placed in TU Box 63.* Then follow drafts of the chapters, usually typed carbons heavily corrected in Turner's hand. Drafts of the introduction and some other parts of chapters are in Turner's hand. Each chapter is accompanied by a series of notes and memoranda by the editors, which admirably illustrate the problems of posthumous publication. File Drawer B. This contains the rough data and Turner's notes for political developments during the period covered by the book. The large quantities of statistical data gathered by Professor Turner as the basis for his analysis of elections and for the maps of elections and congressional votes provide admirable evidence of the factual basis for each of his generalizations. This evidence was too voluminous to be shown in footnotes. File Drawer C. The material contained in this drawer deals largely with the public issues of the Jackson-Tyler administrations: nullification, the tariff, the bank war, the independent treasury, foreign relations, etc. Included are many copies of documents from archives in the United States and Europe, in addition to the usual reading notes, seminar reports, offprints, etc. File Drawer D. Included in this drawer are materials for the later political history of the period 1830-1850. Reading notes, maps, seminar reports, offprints, documents, etc. are supplemented by a few of Turner's rough-draft chapters extending through the Polk Administration. The rear of the drawer contains materials not yet reduced to written form when death intervened, extending the story to 1850. File Drawer E. In this drawer are various drafts of the manuscripts for the Lowell Institute Lectures that Turner delivered in Boston in 1918 on "The United States and its Sections, 1830-1850." Because many pages of the lectures were later removed to be incorporated in "the" book, most of the lectures are not complete. Enough of them remain to indicate the scope and interpretation of the subject. File Drawer F. This is devoted to materials for the chapter of the North Central States, 1830-1850. In contains a draft of the chapter, as well as the usual notes, maps, reading materials, etc. Specific items such as the effect of glaciation, population movements, the cost of moving west, and the like, illustrate again the staggering amount of evidence that underlay each generalization in the final draft. File Drawer G. This is also devoted exclusively to materials on the North Central States, with notes, memos, and manuscript drafts on such topics a agriculture, transportation, business, banking,and the land system. These are a number of preliminary drafts in Turner's hand of sections on canals, and other small parts of the whole. File Drawer H. In this drawer are comparable materials dealing with the political and cultural history of the North Central States, 1830-1850. File Drawer I. This drawer contains reading notes and similar materials for the first five chapters of the book: the introduction, the United States in 1830, and the discussions of New England, the Middle Atlantic states, and the South Atlantic states. In each case various drafts of the chapters or fragments of chapters are filed with the other notes. File Drawer J. In this are comparable materials for the chapters on the South Central states and for Texas and the Far West. There are no drafts of chapters included, but fragments of drafts are tucked in with the other materials. File Drawer K. This is devoted to materials on the Far West that formed a basis for the latter part of the Texas and Far West chapter. The usual reading notes, theses, pamphlets, offprints, etc. deal with such subjects as Indians, trade, settlement of Oregon, etc. File Drawer L. Largely compiled after Turner's death, and having little relation to the other materials in this bank of drawers, this drawer deals largely with the preparation posthumously of Turner's book of essays on Sections in American History. Included is the correspondence between the editors and Henry Holt & Co., the publishers, a folder of permissions from prior publishers of the materials, copies of each of the original essays sent to the publishers to be reproduced, and a variety of materials on sectionalism that have no connection with the book: many maps by Turner, one manuscript on sectionalism, jottings by Turner on the subject, offprints, articles, and similar materials on the subject. 5. Contents of 3 x 5 Files The following brief notes on the contents of the drawers are based only on a hurried examination, and are tentative. They are designed only to provide some introduction to a 778 rather complex note-taking system. Citation: 3 x 5 File Drawer No. 1. Drawer No. 1. Internal evidence (handwriting, a few scattered dates, etc.) suggests that this drawer was compiled and used in the 1890's and to about 1904. It contains bibliographical notes and brief reading notes on the social and economic history of the United States, and was perhaps compiled in connection with Professor Turner's course on that subject, given at the University of Wisconsin. A number of notes suggest the type of reading that he was doing at the time of the preparation of the "Frontier" essay. At the rear of the drawer is a section on "Immigration" apparently of the same period. This was possible collected when he was preparing the articles on immigration for the Chicago Record-Herald, August-October, 1901. Drawer No. 2. This drawer was also probably compiled during Turner's early teaching career. Material has been added later, however, distinguished by a later handwriting and differing paper types. Most of the cards contain bibliographical or reading notes, with the emphasis on sovereignty and nationalism. The Revolutionary Period receives most attention, but early social compacts are included as well as some later periods. Probably these notes were connected with Turner's course on American Constitutional History, given at Wisconsin. Drawer No. 3. A calendar prepared by Turner of three collections of manuscripts in the Library of Congress: the James Monroe, John Quincy Adams, and Albert Gallatin papers. Individual cards, arranged chronologically, describe each manuscript item. Drawer No. 4. A similar compilation and abstracting of the papers of James Barbour, Rufus King, and George Clinton, with a chronological arrangement employed under the heading of each individual. The latter portion of this drawer also contains a series of bibliography cards on American newspapers, and others on American public figures in the period 1820-1850. Drawer No. 5. This drawer contains a bibliography for the period 1820-1830. Arrangement is topical, with headings under "Gazetteers," "Newspapers," etc. Drawer No. 6. A chronological file of the period 1820-1830. Cards are arranged by year, and sometimes even by month within the yearly division. Most of the cards contain brief notes on research, dealing with all of the public issues of the day. (Note: for the probable use of this material by Turner in his writing, see note on his methodology, below, immediately after the description of Drawer No. 21). Drawer No. 7. This drawer contains research and bibliographical notes for the period 1820-1830, as does Drawer No. 6. Those in this drawer are, for the most part, arranged by subject, and deal largely with social, economic, and political events during the decade. Drawer No. 8. In this drawer Turner has arranged his biographical notes on which he based his essay on "The Children of the Pioneers." The first card in the box has a brief note in Turner's hand suggesting the method that he was to follow. The drawer is especially interesting in revealing the staggering amount of detailed work that underlay his statements. Drawer No. 9. Internal evidence suggests that this drawer, and those that follow, were for the most part arranged by Turner in his Harvard period. This drawer contains bibliographical material and brief research notes on the period from the Civil War to the 1880's, largely during the Grant and Hayes Administrations. Within each presidential administration, material is arranged under topical headings: "labor," "tariff," etc. Drawer No. 10. The contents of this drawer are comparable to those for Drawer No. 9, but for the period of the Harrison and Cleveland Administrations. Bibliographical information and brief reading notes are arranged topically. Drawer No. 11. Bibliographical and reading notes, arranged topically, for the period since 1900. Drawer No. 12. This contains a variety of material, largely bibliographic. Included, moving from the front to the rear of the drawer, are: a topical bibliography for the period 1865-1910, a bibliography on economic history, largely in this period, a bibliography on immigration and racial groups, apparently compiled later than that in Drawer No. 1; a small packet of cards held by a clip containing notes that appear to be related to Turner's early research and thought on sectionalism; and a miscellaneous bibliography dealing largely with the period 1865-1900. Note: The remaining drawers in the file were those used by Turner in writing his United States, 1830-1850. Their purpose will be made clear only after reading the following note on Turner's methodology and writing techniques. This was sent by Merrill H. Crissey, his secretary, to Avery Craven, on July 5, 1932, and is in TU Box 49, Correspondence, June 11-Dec., 1933: "Throughout the dictated portion of the book (including all the chapters on Presidential Administrations), the procedure, in the case of each chapter, was, first, to make a chronological card file of the raw material. Earlier researches had yielded a mass of notes, partly on cards (3" x 5", white), partly on paper. The former were at once put into a pasteboard-box file, by date; the latter were transferred to cards, which likewise went into the file. Additional cards were then prepared; material for these came from both secondary works (general histories and biographies --for a skeleton of events --and special studies deemed valuable for a particular phase of the narrative) and sources (principally the writings of political leaders, the debates in Congress, and contemporary journals). Guide cards, in color, were used for the years and months. Subject tabs (improved from gummed manila paper) were affixed to note cards bearing on topics or events of chief importance. This arrangement of notes made it easy to bring together material on any outstanding subject an d facilitated correlations. The file of notes was supplemented by sectional tabulations of Presidential-election votes and important votes in Congress." Mr. Crissey goes on to explain that Turner dictated from these notes, with the first draft recorded in triple-space; the resulting manuscript was then corrected and revised in several more versions. The following listing of the contents of drawers used in the compilation of this book uses the words employed by Turner in labeling each of the cardboard boxes from which the notes were transferred to the metal file cases: Drawer No. 13. "Correlation 1827-35." Drawer No. 14. "Campaign 1836 and Topics." Drawer No. 15. "1836 by States." Drawer No. 16. "1837." Drawer No. 17. "1838, 1839, 1840." Drawer No. 18. "1841-1843." Drawer No. 19. "Administration of James K. Polk, 1845-1849." In addition to the research notes referred to in Mr. Crissey's note above, the drawers of this series contain occasional small maps drawn by Turner, usually of congressional votes. 6: Black Boxes Nos. 1-14 The materials in these fourteen black boxes were apparently arranged by Mr. Merrill h. Crissey, Professor Turner's secretary, either before or after Turner's death. They consist of offprints, clippings from magazines and newspapers, pamphlets, small booklets, and an occasional student paper. Many of the items have been heavily underlined or annotated by Turner, and are valuable in indicating the nature of his historical reading and thinking. The items are numbered throughout, in Mr. Crissey's hand, from 1 to 298; the numbers that follow the drawer numbers below refer to this classification. Suggested form of citation: TU Black Box No. 1 (1-25), Item 1. Box No. 1 (1-25) Material dealing with the origin and outbreak of the Civil War. In some instances heavily annotated and with side comments by Turner. Box No. 2 (26-40) Continuation of materials on the Civil War. In addition to the usual offprints, clippings, pamphlets, etc., this box contains three student papers prepared in Turner's courses. Box No. 3 (41-64) A continuation of Civil War materials, with emphasis on military events. one student paper, from Turner's Harvard period, is included. Box No. 4 (65-83) Largely magazine clippings, but with a few additional items, dealing with the military history of the Civil War. Greatest emphasis is on the Battle of Gettysburg. Box No. 5 (84-100) A continuation of materials on the military history of the Civil War, with later battles emphasized. Box No. 6 (101-110) Materials dealing with diplomatic aspects of the Civil War. Box No. 7 (111-138) Reprints, pamphlets, clippings and the like concerning the early phases of Reconstruction, and particularly the administration of Andrew Johnson. Box No. 8 (139-159) A continuation of materials of reconstruction, with some also on the purchase of Alaska. Box No. 9 (160-168) Miscellaneous materials, having little relationship to contents of earlier boxes. Two items deserve special mention. One is a series of pages clipped from the 1890 census report containing the well-known passage on the closing of the frontier, underlined by Turner. The other is an 1891 advance sheet on the 1890 census, dealing with the spread of population between 1790-1890. (Items 163 and 164). Box No. 10 (169-206) Pamphlets, magazine articles, and newspaper clippings on technological developments and especially on the depletion of natural resources in relation to growing population needs. Source materials for Clark University address. Box No. 11 (207-228) Materials dealing with political history after Reconstruction, and emphasizing the Progressive Period. The last items are on labor and immigration history and policies for the period. Box No. 12 (229-249) Materials on labor are continued from the last box; this box also contains items on the South in the twentieth century. Newspaper clippings are more numerous than in many earlier boxes. Box No. 13 (250-274) Beginning with a few items on the South, this box also contains some materials on the Pacific Northwest and the northern Great Plains. A few items deal with foreign policy in the twentieth century. Box No. 14 (275-298) Clippings predominate in this box, on politics in the 1880's and 1920's. 7: Miscellaneous The following items are included in the collection of Turner papers: Maps. Maps drawn or used by Turner are in two filing-case size drawers. These include many political maps ofir others of a like nature used to illustrate his sectionalism concept. Note: In addition to the maps in these two drawers, hundreds of others are scattered through the large file drawers containing his research and reading notes. Student Thesis. One large file drawer contains a number of theses prepared in Turner's classes and seminars. These have been arranged alphabetically and labeled by Merrill H. Crissey, Mr. Turner's secretary. They have also been dated where this is possible. Note: Many other theses, term papers, and seminar reports prepared in Professor Turner's classes are scattered through File Drawers 1-22 and A-L. Lantern Slides. The lantern slides used by Turner in his teaching and lectures are collected in nine special boxes. These are apparently exactly as they were left by Turner, with one box containing slides for the lecture given at Pasadena, probably untouched since the lecture was given. Many of the slides are of political maps, elections, congressional votes, etc., prepared by Turner. Ephemera. Miscellaneous materials having only a remote connection to Turner's career as teacher or scholar have been assembled in a flat cardboard box labeled "Ephemera." Most of these are of little value to the student. Included are many of the advertisements and similar material received through the mails after his death. 8: Index cards These index cards consist of typewritten and handwritten notes regarding Turner and Western history.
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Automobile Club of Southern California collection of photographs and negatives
Visual Materials
The collection consists of 6240 black-and-white and color photographs, pen and ink drawings, and postcards, 1412 black-and-white and color negatives, 2606 black-and-white and color slides, and ephemeral materials, 1898-1982 (bulk 1920s-1930s). The Automobile Club of Southern California collected the materials, and they form a general photographic reference collection as well as a broad visual survey of topics of interest to California motorists. Included are images of sites in North and Central America (with an emphasis on California), Europe, the Pacific Islands, and portraits, as well as images related to other subjects of interest to the Club's membership. Many of the images were published as illustrations for articles in the Club's first member magazine, Touring Topics. The collection is divided into three sections: a reference section, forming the bulk of the collection; images from the Club's cross-country expeditions; and slides. The reference section consists of both geographic and "subject" photographs. The bulk of the geographic images are devoted to California. These include, but are not limited to, sites in the city of Los Angeles and environs; Imperial, Kern, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, and Santa Barbara Counties; the San Bernardino, San Jacinto, San Gabriel and Sierra Nevada Mountains; the Mojave and Colorado Deserts; national parks located in California (Lassen Volcanic National Park, Lava Beds National Park, Sequoia National Park, and Yosemite National Park); the Sacramento River; the Saint Francis Dam (after the disaster); San Francisco; and the California coastline (including Santa Catalina Island, Big Sur, and the Monterey Peninsula). The reference section also contains images related to California Motorgraphs and Rotogravures, pull-out supplements published in Touring Topics. The Rotogravures sections contained scenic views of sites in California, and the published images were often toned. The Motorgraphs feature focused on touring in California. Both the Motorgraphs and Rotogravures include images of especial interest to California motorists, specifically landscapes and sites in the western United States and Mexico, many of which are documented in other sections of the collection. Locations outside of California documented in the reference section include a number of images of surrounding states, such as Arizona (with a large number of images of the Grand Canyon), Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Washington. These include miscellaneous desert scenes; national parks and monuments (including Glacier National Park, Grand Teton National Park, Yellowstone National Park, Bryce Canyon, Zion National Park, and the Olympic Mountains); Native Americans and Native American sites (with an emphasis on Arizona, the Navajo, and New Mexico, but also including Indians of Central and Latin America); and missions (in Arizona, California, Mexico and New Mexico). Other locations include western Canada (primarily British Columbia); Guatemala; and a large section devoted to Mexico. A substantial portion of the Mexican images document the First and Second International Pacific Highway Expeditions. Other Mexican images concentrate on the states of Baja California, Sonora, and Sinaloa. Other non-California locations include images of European cities and sites; New Zealand; and islands in the Pacific (including the Fiji islands and Tahiti). The non-geographic subjects in the reference section include such diverse topics as astronomy; automobile accessories; gift suggestions; highways and bridges; mining camps and ghost cities; paintings and prints (copies of paintings, prints, maps, and earlier photographs depicting a wide variety of subjects); road signs; transportation (including many images of the Butterfield stagecoach station and line); and western fauna and flora. The portraits in the reference section were used to illustrate general articles as well as editorial statements, and include portraits of the era's important cultural, literary, and artistic figures in California and the American West. The collection's second section is composed of photographs taken on some of the Club's cross-country tours in the 1920s. Many of these tours followed the routes of some historic roadways in various parts of the country, and the collection contains images of roadways and historic sites in 31 states, Canada, and Mexico, and including parts of the National Old Trails (in Arizona and New Mexico); the Lincoln Highway (in Iowa, Nebraska, Pennsylvania, and Wyoming); the King of Trails (in Minnesota, Nebraska, Texas, and Winnipeg, Canada); Arrowhead Trail Highway (in Nevada); and various eastern highways and roadways. Also depicted are a "test highway"; road signs in the Midwest and the South; an unidentified trip undertaken in the 1920s (recognizable by the license plate of the Auto Club vehicle); and miscellaneous unidentified roadways and sites. The collection's third section is composed of slides in a variety of formats and sizes that primarily depict landscapes in California, Colorado, Nevada, Oregon, and other western United States locales. These were either sent to the Auto Club, or collected by the Automobile Club's Travel Research and Publications Department from both individuals and public venues throughout California. The pictures depict downtown Los Angeles, museums, theme parks, tourist attractions, state and national parks, and other sites in California. These are accompanied by letters that can be found with the collection's ephemeral materials at the end of box 35. A large portion of the photographs (boxes 1-35) were taken by authors of articles that appeared in Touring Topics; others were commissioned by the Club; and others appear to have been sent to the Club. The majority of the photographs in boxes 1-35 have names and addresses of photographers on the verso. Photographers (and authors) include, but are not limited to, Ansel Adams, Fred Archer, Viroque Baker, George Hugh Banning, Adelbert Bartlett, Virginia S. Bartlett, Andrew R. Boone, Julius Cindrich, Norman Clyde, Will Connell, Loyd Cooper, Imogen Cunningham, Asahel Curtis, Edward Sheriff Curtis, Fred Dapprich, E.H. Davis, E.E. East, John Anson Ford, Frasher, Ewing Galloway, Forman G. Hanna, Phil Townsend Hanna, Hoag and Ford, John Edwin Hoag, Bert W. Huntoon, Philip Johnston, Dr. Frederick Monsen, Dave Packwood, C.C. Pierce, Ernest M. Pratt, Putnam Studios, E. Willard Spurr, and John L. Von Blon. See the Photographer's Index at the end of the Container List for images associated with the aforementioned photographers. A card file in the office of the Curator of Photographs provides a complete list of specific item numbers associated with all photographers. Many of the original articles in which the photographs appeared have been identified; this information is listed on the envelopes. Other photographs appear to have been published, and possess captions or identifying information on the verso. However, a large number of the photographs are unidentified as to location and/or content. The photographs resulting from the cross-country tours (boxes 36-37) seem to have been taken by the participants, engineers and draftsmen who worked for the Auto Club. Original negatives exist for a number of the photographs; these can be found in boxes 41-47 and are housed separately in cold storage. Of these, approximately fifty percent were not printed; this is indicated in the Container List. Some images exist in duplicate. The majority of the slides (boxes 48-58) appear to be taken by the same individual(s) on an unspecified number of trips throughout the western United States. Ephemeral materials accompanying the photographs include captions, brochures, letters, press releases, and original envelopes. The collection is also accompanied by a photographer index compiled by Huntington volunteers. In 1987, 206 prints by photographers generally working in the Pictorialist style were removed from the collection and transferred to the Huntington's Art Division. Information about these prints is not included in this finding aid. For more information about these holdings, contact the Art Division. Some of the prints were reproduced in Pictorialism in California (1994) (see Related Material).
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