Transcripts of arguments for claims no. 7, 17, 33, 34, 35, 43

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  James Clarke letters to his family

  Manuscripts

  This series of letters were written by James Clarke to his family in Maine, mostly his brother and his wife, from California between 1854 and 1856. The letters will be described chronologically. HM 21248, written 1854, May 16, and addressed to "Dear Brother," writes of acquiring room and board in San Francisco. HM 21310, dated 1854, September 3, sees Clarke moving to Los Angeles in search of more money. He wishes to eventually purchase a lot of land outside the city and build on it. HM 21353 (dated 1854, May 31; the letter is incomplete, being the middle four pages only) describes his journey to San Francisco. HM 21244 (1854, October 7) is partly written from Santa Barbara, and is also addressed "Dear Brother." Clarke writes of his profits from farming, but he thinks he may have to relocate. The second part of the letter finds Clarke in a boarding house 130 miles outside of Santa Barbara, where he has found work as a carpenter. The next letter is dated 1854, October 7 and 12, and is written in Santa Barbara and Los Angeles (HM 21245). The first part, written in pencil, is addressed to "Mrs. James Clarke", and Clarke is leaving Santa Barbara for Los Angeles, where he hopes to find better fortune. In the second part, Clarke writes he has arrived in Los Angeles after a fifty-day overland journey, and that he hopes to remain there for the rest of the five years of his stay in the West. HM 21247, dated 1854, November 3 and addressed once again to "Mrs. James Clarke," Clarke writes he has sent "some half dozzen letters" home but has gotten nothing in response. The following letter (HM 21246) was written November 1854, and is addressed "Dear Family." Clarke is now also working in a vineyard, and describes the Los Angeles orange groves in detail, and speaks in glowing terms of California produce. HM 21351 is written to Clarke's brother, and dated 1854, December 6. In it, Clarke describes the produce of Los Angeles, as well as the "exceeding agreeableness" of the area's climate. HM 21352 is dated 1855, March 1, and is also addressed to Clarke's brother, and discusses his work in a vineyard. HM 21242 is addressed to "Mrs. James Clarke" and is dated 1855, July 22. He is concerned that the letters and money he is sending home is not making it there, as "every thing is unsettled in Cal. now." He would like to make more money, but says "there is no money to be had." He remains confident that his stay will be financially productive. HM 21243, written to his family on 1856, March 7, contains Clarke's report that after a year's hard work, he now has a house and lot in El Monte, which he calls "the Egypt of California." He is excited about the prospect of farming on his land.

  mssHM 21242-21248, 21310, & 21351-21353

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  David Glasgow Farragut Papers

  Manuscripts

  Official and personal correspondence of David G. Farragut, primarily covering his Civil War career. Included are: Farragut's letters to his wife Virginia Loyall Farragut and son Loyall Farragut, his subordinates Thornton A. Jenkins and Henry Haywood Bell, and others; letters to Farragut from Nathaniel P. Banks, Gustavus V. Fox, Gideon Welles, and others. Also included are letters addressed to Mrs. Farragut, a few orders and other documents, and a typewritten manuscript. Subjects include: Farragut's activities during the Union blockade of the South, family affairs, including his children; personal business; naval politics; Farragut's efforts for promotion, and his conflict with Oliver Hazard Perry; Mexican War, visit to Haiti. Letters from David G. Farragut to members of his family: ALS, 4pp., 4to., Pensacola, June 22, 1838. U. S. Frigate Constellation. To his wife. ALS 4pp., 4to., U. S. S. Pennsylvania. Norfolk, July 23, 1845. To his sister, Mrs Clara A. Gurlie ALS 4pp., 4to., U. S. S. Saratoga, Sept. 19, 1849. To William Loyall, his father-in-law. ALS 4pp., 4to., U. S. S. Saratoga, Sacrificios, Dec. 16, 1847. To William Loyall, his father-in-law. ALS, 34pp., 4to. Mare Island Navy Yard. February 18, 1856. To William Loyall. ALS 1p., 4to., San Francisco, June 24 [1856] To his wife. Al initialled twice, but main signature cut out. 4pp., 4to., Norfolk, Dec. 3, 1858. To his brother, Dr. R. P. Ashe ALS 4pp., 4to., U. S. S. Brooklyn, Port au Prince, Feb. 29, 1859. To his wife. ALS, 1 p., 8vo., Mobile Bay, Sept. 5, 1859. To his wife. ALS 3pp., 8vo., New York, April 22, 1861. To Dr R. P. Ashe, his brother. ALS, pencil, 2pp., 8vo., Willards Hotel, Dec. 21, 1861. To his wife ALS 3pp., 8vo., Willards Hotel, Washington, Dec. 23, 1861. To his wife. ALS 3pp., 8vo., Willards Hotel, Jan. 5, 1862. To his wife. AL signature lacking. 2pp., 8vo., Hartford March 15 [1862] Pilot Town on the S. W. Pass of the Mississippi River. The first page of a letter to his wife. Last two pages, 4to., of an ALS [1862] to his wife. ALS, 2pp., 4to., New Orleans, Flagship Hartford, Apr. 25, 1862. To his wife and son. ALS 1 p., 4to., Flagship Hartford, New Orleans, April 29, 1862 To his wife. ALS 4pp., 8vo., Flagship Hartford, Below Vicksburg, July 22, 1862. To his wife and son. ALS 4pp., 8vo., Flagship Hartford, Pensacola Navy Yard, Sept. 9, 1862. To his wife and son. ALS, 8pp., 8vo., Flagship Hartford, Pensacola, Oct. 10, 1862. To his wife. AL, 2pp., 8vo., Flagship Hartford, New Orleans. Jan. 18, 1862. First two pages of a letter to his wife, completed by his son, Loyall Farragut, who mentions that his father's eyes have given out. ALS 4pp., 8v., Flagship Hartford, New Orleans, January 26 [1863] To his wife. ALS 4pp., 8vo., Flal ship Hartford, New Orleans, Feb. 1, 1863. To his wife. ALS 4pp., 8vo., Flagship Hartford, March 19, 1863. To his wife. ALS 2pp., 4to., U. S. Flagship Hartford, Below Vicksburg, March 27, 1863. To his son. ALS 2pp., 4to., U. S. Flagship Hartford, Above Port Hudson on Mississippi, April 25, 1863. To his wife. ALS 4pp., 4to., U. S. Flagship Hartford, Mouth of Red River, April 17, 1863. To his wife. ALS 4pp., 8vo., Flagship Hartford, Off Red River, April 30, 1863. To his wife. ALS 4pp., 4to., U. S. Flagship, New Orleans, May 20, 1863. To his wife. ALS 4pp., 8vo., Flagship M. below Port Hudson, June 13, 1863. To his wife. ALS 4 pp., 8vo., Astor House, Jan. 4, 1864. To his son. ALS 3pp., 8vo., Flagship Hartford, Western Gunf Blockading Squadron. Off New Orleans, Jan. 30, 1864. To his son, Loyall Farragut. ALS 3pp., 8vo., Flagship Hartford, Off New Orleans, Feb. 1, 1864. To his wife. ALS 4pp., 8vo., Flagship Hartford, New Orleans, Feb. 4, 1864. To his wife. ALS 4pp., 8vo., Flagship Hartford, Off Ship Island, Feb. 19, 1864. To his son. ALS 4pp., 8vo., Flagship Hartford, Off Ship Island, Feb. 21, 1864. To his son. ALS 4pp., 8vo., Flagship Hartford, Pensacola, March 30, 1864. To his son. ALS 2pp., 4to., Flagship Tennessee, New Orleans, April 9, 1864. To his wife. ALS 2pp., 8vo., U. S. Flagship Hartford, Pensacola, May 7, 1864. To his wife. ALS 4pp., 8vo., Flagship Hartford, Off Mobile, May 30, 1864. To his wife. ALS 4pp., 8vo., Flagship Hartford, Off Mobile, June 3, 1864. To his wife. ALS 4pp., 8vo., U. S. Flagship Hartford, Off Mobile, July 6, 1864. To his wife. ALS 3pp., 8vo., U. S. Flagship Tennessee, Off Mobile, July 12, 1864 To his wife. ALS 2pp., 8vo., Flagship Hartford, Off Mobile, Aug. 4, 1864. To his wife. ALS 2pp., 8vo., U. S. Flagship Hartford, Mobile Bay, Nov. 10, 1864. To his son. Four pages of a long letter in Farragut's hand, probably to his father in-law. 4to., (pages 5[8) ALS, pencil, 2pp., 8vo., Washington 1865 [April 19] To his wife. ALS 3pp., 8vo., New York, No. 113 E. 36th St., Jan. 12, 1869. To his son. Letters from Farragut to individuals other than his family. ALS 4pp., 4to., Miss. above Port Hudson, April 22, 1863. To Admiral Theodorus Bailey. ALS 1 p., 8vo., Willards Hotel, Washington, Dec. 21, 1861. To Adm. H. H. Bell ALS 1 p., 8vo., Willards Hotel, Washington, Dec. 22, 1861. To H. H. Bell. ALS 1 p., 8vo., Willards Hotel, Washington, D. C., Dec. 30 [1861] To H. H. Bell. ALS 1 p., 8vo., Willards Hotel, Washington, Jan. 3, 1862. To H. H. Bell. ALS 2 pp., 4to., U. S. Flagship Hartford, Off New Orleans, March 5, 1863. To H. H. Bell. LS 2pp., 8vo., Hastings on the Hudson, Jan. 8, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 1 p., 4to., Hartford, Abofe Vicksburg, July 1, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 1 p., 4to., Hartford, Above Vicksburg, July 2, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 1 p., 4to., Hartford, Above Vicksburg, July 10, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 1 p., folio, Hartford, Above Vicksburg, July 10, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 1 p., 4to., Hartford, Off New Orleans, Aug. 5, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 1 p., folio, Hartford, Pensacola Bay, Aug. 11, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 1 p., folio, Hartford, Pensacola Bay, Oct. 5, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 1 p., 8vo., Hartford, Pensacola Bay, Oct. 17, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 1 p., 4to., Hartford, Pensacola Bay, Oct. 17, 1862. To H. H. Bell. With two news clips of Sept. 17 and 28, 1862 LS 1 p., 4to., Hartford, Pensacola Bay, Oct. 22, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 1 p., folio, Hartford, Pensacola Bay, Oct. 23, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 2 pp., 4to., Hartford, Oct. 24, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 1 p., 4to., Hartford, Pensacola Bay, Nov. 3, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 2 pp., 4to., Hartford, Pensacola Bay, Nov. 4 [1862] To H. H. Bell. LS 3 pp., 4to., Hartford, Off New Orleans, Nov. 13, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 1 p., 4to., Hartford, New Orleans, Nov. 21, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 2 pp., folio, Hartford, New Orleans, Dec. 16, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 2pp., folio, Hartford, Off New Orleans, Dec. 16, 1862. To H. H. Bell. LS 1 p., 4to., Hartford, New Orleans, New Orleans, Dec. 16, 1862. With ANS of H. H. Bell, to whom Farragut is writing, on same page. LS 1 p., folio, Flagship Hartford, Off New Orleans, Jan. 3, 1863. To H. H. Bell. LS 1 p., 4to., Hartford, off New Orleans, Jan. 3, 1863. To H. H. Bell. LS 2pp., folio, Hartford, Off New Orleans, Jan. 6, 1863. To H. H. Bell LS 1 p., 4to., Hartford, Off New Orleans, Jan. 7, 1863. To H. H. Bell LS 2 pp., 4to., Flagship Hartford, Off New Orleans, Jan. 12, 1863. To H. H. Bell. LS 3 pp., folio, Hartford, Off New Orleans, Jan. 17, 1863. To H. H. Bell LS 2 pp., folio, Hartford, New Orleans, jan. 20, 1863. To H. H. Bell LS 2 pp., 4to., Hartford, Pilot Town, Feb. 7, 1863. To H. H. Bell. LS 1 p., folio, Hartford, Off New Orleans, Feb. 17, 1863. To H. H. Bell. LS 1 p., folio, Hartford, New Orleans, Feb. 16, 1863. To H. H. Bell LS 2 pp., 4to., Off New Orleans, March 5, 1863. To H. H. Bell LS 3 pp., 4to., Flag Steamer Tennessee, New Orleans, July 13, 1863. To H. H. Bell LS 1 p., 4to., Flag Steamer Tennessee, Ship Island, July 27, 1863. To H. H. Bell LS 4pp., 4to., Flagship Tennesseee, New Orleans, July 29, 1863. To H. H. Bell LS 1 p., 4to., Hartford, New Orleans, Aug. 1, 1863. To H. H. Bell LS 4 pp., 4to., Hartford, N. Y., Oct. 15, 1863. To H. H. Bell LS 2 pp., 4to., Hartford, Off Mobile Bay, June 18, 1864. To Gen. James Brown. ALS 1 p., 4to., Dec. 25, 1864. Signed with initials. To Admiral Franklin Buchanan. With the following: 92a. Admiral Franklin Buchanan, ALS 1 p., folio. Fort Lafayette, New York, Dec. 25, 1864. To Farragut. ALS 2pp., 4to. [august, 1864] Signed with initials. To Gen. Benjamin F. Butler. LS 1 p., 4to., Hartford. Below Vicksburg, March 26, 1863. To his son, Loyall Farragut (official paper) LS 3pp., folio, New York, April 30, 1866. Copy of an original To James W. Grimes. LS 3 pp., 4to., Flagship Tennessee, New Orleans, July 22, 1863. To Commodore Henry W. Morris. LS 3 pp., 4to., Flagship Tennessee, New Orleans, July 22, 1863. To Commodore Henry W. Morris (copy of no. 96) ALS 1 p., folio [1863] Draft of an original letter. Signed with initials. To Admiral David D. Porter. LS 1 p., 4to., Hartford, Above Vicksburg, July 8, 1862. To Commodore D. D. Porter. LS 4pp., folio, New York, Feb. 20, 1848. Signed with initials. To John Y. Mason, Sec. of Navy LS 4pp., folio, Hartford, Off New Orleans. Dec. 30, 1863. To Commander W. B. Renshaw. ALS 3pp., 8vo. June 5 [1862] Signed with initials. To General Stone Two incomplete drafts, each four folio pages, of Farragut's report to the Secretary of the Navy on the Battle of New Orleans. The entire first page of the first draft is in the hand of Farragut. Rough draft, 4pp., 4to., of Farragut's letter to the Secretary of the Navy about duty at Mobile. With corrections in Farragut's hand. Not signed by him. DS 2pp., folio, Flagship Hartford, Below Vicksburg, June 25, 1862. General order. Signed twice by Farragut. DS 1p., 4to., Flagship Hartford, Above Vicksburg, Miss., July 3, 1862. General Orders. Some additional outgoing letters include: Nov. 18, 1844 - To: Charles Morris (1 letter) Feb. 16, May 8, May 25 and June 13, 1863 - To: Nathaniel P. Banks (4 letters) May 8, July 16, 1863 and Jan. 24, 1864 - To: David Dixon Porter and May 7, 1864 and Jan. 17, 1864 (3 letters) Fragment dated March 4, 1863 with reference to D. D. Porter (1 letter) To: Thornton Alexander Jenkins - Dated from July 3, 1863 through Jan. 15, 1870. (85 letters) To: Mrs. John M. Holmes - Dated Dec. 17, 1863 (1 letter) To: William R. Sherwood (military orders) Dated June 22, 1864. (1 letter) To: Engineers Kellogg, Hunt & Latch - Dated June 24, 1864 (1 letter) To: Samuel B. Wylie Mitchell - Feb. 16, 1866 (1 letter) To: Thomas Haines Dudley - Oct. 9, 1867 (London) (1 letter) To: Gideon Welles - Dec. 7, 1869 (1 letter) General Orders No. 11, and No. 13 - July 29, 1864 and Aug. 7, 1864. (2 items) Military Order of Loyal Legion of U.S. Pennsylvania Commandery Apr. 7, 1870 (1 item) Letters to Admiral Farragut BANKS, GEN. N. P., ALS 2pp., 8vo., New Orleans, Fe;ruary 23, 1863. ALS 1 p., 8vo., Steamer Sykes, April 30, 1863 ALS 3pp., 8vo., Alexandria, May 8, 8 a. m., 1863 ALS 1 p., 8vo., Alexandria, May 11, 1863 ALS 1 p., 8vo., Before Port Hudson, 6 a.m., July 8, [UNK] ALS 4pp., 8vo., Before Port Hudson, July 8, 1863 BORIE, A. E., LS, 3pp., folio, Navy Department, Washington, April 29, 1869. BROOKS, SIDNEY. ALS 4pp., 8vo., Newport, Nov. 20, 1868. BUTLER, GEN. BENJAMIN F., DS 2pp., 8vo., New Orleans, Dec. 8, 1862 CHOATE, JOSEPH H. ALS 2 pp., 8vo., New York, Dec. 20, 1864 DIX, GEN. JOHN A. ALS 3pp., 8vo., Paris, Jan. 6, 1868. Endorsed by Farragut. DOBBIN, F. C. LS 1p., 4to., N; vy Department, June 21, 1864. Endorsed by Farragut. DRAPER, HENRY. ALS 3pp., 8vo., Hastings, N. Y., Aug. 31, 1864 DRAPER, HENRY. ALS 7pp., 8vo., Hastings, N. Y., Aug. 29, 1864 DUPOINT, ADMIRAL S. F. ALS 4pp., 4to., Near Wilmington, April 3, 1850. FOX, GUSTAVUS V., LS 1p., 4to., Navy Dept. May 16, 1862. Endorsed by Farragut. LS 4pp., folio, Navy Dept., May 17, 1862 Endorsed by Farragut. ALS 4pp., 8vo., Washington, D. C., Oct. 20, 1863 LS 2pp., 4to., Navy Dept., Dec. 30, 1863. Endorsed by Farragut. ALS 4pp., 8vo., Portsmouth, N. H., Aug. 18, 1864 Endorsed by Farragut. ALS 3pp., 8vo., Washington, Dec. 15, 1864 ALS 3pp., 8vo., Washington, Dec. 20, 1864 HOLMES, OLIVER W. ALS 2pp., 8vo., Boston, Jan. 13, 1865 JAY, JOHN. ALS 3pp., 8vo., New York, Dec. 3, 1868. LEE, GEN. FITZ HUGH. ALS 4pp., 8vo., Richland Mill P. Office, Stafford Co., Va., July 31, 1869. JOHNSON, PRESIDENT ANDREW. LS 1 p., 4to., Executive Mansion Feb. 17, 1866. MORGAN, GOVERNOR E. D. ALS 1p., 8vo., U. S. Senate Chamber, Washington, D. C., Dec. 20, 1864 MORRIS, COMMODORE CH. ALS 2pp., 4to., U. S. S. Delaware Mahon, Nov. 3, 1843. PEABODY, GEORGE. ALS 2pp., 8vo., Oct. 10, 1867. PORTER, COM. DAVID D. ALS 2pp., 4to, Key West, Mar. 3, 1862. ALS 3pp., 4to, Apr. 25, 1862. ALS 2pp., folio, Octorara, June 28, 1862[?] PORTER, MRS. EVE. ALS 3pp., 4to, Chester, Dec. 30, 1826. SHERMAN, GEN. WILLIAM T. ALS 2pp., 8vo, St. Louis, Dec. 2, 1868. ALS 3pp., 8vo, St. Louis, Dec. 23, 1868. TERRY, D.L. ALS 2pp., 8vo, Sacramento, Aug. 11, 1856. WEED, THURLOW. ALS 4pp., 8vo, N.Y., Nov. 2, 1864. ALS, 8vo, New York, Sept. 30. WELLES, GIDEON. ALS 2pp., 8vo, Washington, July 30, 1862. ALS 6pp., 8vo, Navy Dept., Washington, Oct. 5, 1863 ALS 2pp., 8vo, Washington, Aug. 22, 1866. ALS 3pp., 8vo, Washington, Oct. 2, 1866. ALS 4pp., 8vo, Washington, D.C., Nov. 10, 1868. LS 2pp., folio, Navy Dept., Feb. 10, 1862. Endorsed by Farragut. LS 2pp., folio, Navy Dept., Feb. 25, 1862. Endorsed by Farragut. LS 2pp., 4to, Navy Dept., May 19, 1862. Endorsed by Farragut. LS 2pp., 4to, Navy Dept., May 19, 1862. Endorsed by Farragut. LS 3pp., folio, Navy Dept., Aug. 19, 1862. Endorsed by Farragut. LS 2pp., 4to, Navy Dept., Feb. 16, 1863. Endorsed by Farragut. WELLES, GIDEON. LS 1p., 4to, Navy Dept., June 2, 1863. Endorsed by Farragut. LS 2pp., folio, Navy Dept., June 15, 1863. Endorsed by Farragut. LS 3pp., folio, Navy Dept., June 15, 1863. Endorsed by Farragut. LS 1p., 4to, Navy Dept., Washington, Oct. 7, 1863. Endorsed by Farragut. LS 1p., 4to, Navy Dept., Apr. 26, 1864. LS 4pp., folio, Navy Dept., Washington, Sept. 5, 1864. Marked Confidential. LS 2pp., folio, Navy Dept., Sept. 6, 1864. LS 3pp., folio, Navy Dept., Sept. 5, 1864. LS 2pp., folio, Navy Dept., Washington, June 6, 1867. WINTHROP, ROBERT C. ALS 3pp., 8vo, Brookline, Mass., Jan. 3, 1870. Letters to Virginia Loyall Farragut CISCO, JOHN J. ALS 1p., 8vo, N.Y., Mar. 7, 1868. DALY, CHARLES P. ALS 4pp., 8vo, New York, Sept. 22, 1870. DRAYTON, CAPTAIN PERCIVAL. ALS 4pp., 4to, Flagship Hartford, Off Mobile Bay, Oct. 20, 1864. FOX, GUSTAVUS V. ALS 1p. 8vo, Washington D.C. Nov. 7, 1864. HENRY, JOSEPH. ALS, [UNK] p., 8vo., Smithsonian Institution, May 6, 1863. SHERMAN, GEN. WILLIAM T. ALS 3pp., 8vo., Headquarters Army of the United States, Washington, D. C., August 4, 1874. Letters to Loyal Farragut DEWEY, ADMIRAL GEORGE. ALS 3pp., 8vo., Washington, Feb. 12, 1900 ALS 4pp., 8vo., Washington, Oct. 6, 1908 HIGGINSON, FRANCIS J. ALS 2pp., 8vo., New York, Dec. 12, 1909 PALMER, JAMES C. ALS 6pp., 8vo., Washington, D. C., May 2, 1879. UPSHURE, JOHN H. ALS 2pp., 8vo., Washington, Dec. 8, 1893. Notable miscellaneous items Printed register of the Vessels and Officers of the Western Gulf Blockading Squadron. 4to., wrappers. Dated off Mobile, June 15, 1864, and signed by Admiral Farragut three times. His personal copy. ADS 3pp., 4to., of Henry Howard Brownell. About the fight off Mobile Bay. ALS 3pp., 8vo., New York, Nov. 20, 1874, of J. A. A. Ward. To Secretary of the Navy George M. Robeson Typewritten manuscript, author unknown, 104 pp., 4to. Copy of a letter sent by Farragut to Charles T. Chase, July 13, 1863 In addition, there is also a typewritten copy of letter from Farragut to Richard P. Ashe - in Wm.G. Cohen's Scrapbooks; 7 letters Letters to D.G. Farragut from Gideon Welles, U.S. Grant, T.A. Jenkins, J.S. Shedden; 4 letters from Loyall Farragut to T.A. Jenkins (1865-1880); and 1 letter from L.C. Smith to Helen Huntting - Aug. 10-17, 1855 re: Virginia (Loyall) Farragut.

  mssHM 26687-26867

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  Frederick Jackson Turner papers

  Manuscripts

  The following notes on the Turner papers were compiled after only a three-month examination of those papers. Hence they make no pretense of completeness or accuracy. They are compiled only to serve as a general guide to later users of the papers. The following outline, or index, of the sections of this report that follow may make its use easier: 1: Correspondence and Documents Frederick Jackson Turner's correspondence, together with certain important documents, has been expertly arranged in a series of flat boxes, each bearing a number, date, and appropriate descriptive designation. Within each box the letters to and from Turner, or the documents, have been placed in folders, each of which bears a descriptive title and date. Arrangement within each box in chronological. The correspondence an document boxes may be conveniently divided into several categories: General correspondence during Turner's life. This is contained in Boxes 1 through 47. Included are letters written by and to Turner between the time of his boyhood and his death on March 14, 1932. Three letters from Woodrow Wilson are present, see descriptions for Boxes 3 and 9. General correspondence, 1932-1956. This is contained in Boxes 48 through 52. Many of the letters in these boxes relate to the efforts of the Huntington Library to assemble the Turner correspondence, to the publication of his posthumous books, etc. A large number are extremely valuable for an understanding of Turner, for they were written by friends and former students who frequently reminisced at length on his virtues. Form of citation: TU Box 48, Correspondence, Apr.-June 10, 1932. Biographical and Autobiographical Material. This is contained in Box 53, a large flat box. Contained in this box are diplomas received by Turner, certificates of membership in learned societies, honorary degrees, and the like. Box 62 also has biographical and genealogical data. Manuscripts and Documents. These are in Boxes 54 through 57, covering the years 1877 to 1932. Materials have been placed in blue folders, each labeled and dated, and arranged in chronological order. The boxes contain some of Turner's earliest historical writings, notes for lectures and seminars, drafts of essays, etc., clippings, and other personal data. For of citation: TU Box 54, Manuscripts & Documents, 1877-1900. The Turner-Hooper correspondence. This is contained in eight boxes, the first seven of which are devoted to letters between Turner and Mrs. William Hooper (Mrs. Alice Forbes Perkins Hooper). Mrs. Hooper, a daughter of Charles Elliott Perkins, president of the Burlington Railroad, and wife of William Hooper of a prominent New England family, became acquainted with Turner when he first moved to Harvard University in 1910. She played a leading financial role in establishing the Harvard Commission on Western History under his guidance. These initial contacts led to a lasting friendship, which endured to the time of Turner's death. Hence this is a unique correspondence, in which he discusses his political beliefs, his writing, his teaching, his reading, and the ordinary events of the day with a frankness that he displayed to few others. The correspondence is essential for biographical purposes, and reveals Turner at his witty best. The eighth box in the series contains letters between Mrs. Hooper and Max Farrand concerning the disposition of the letters after Turner's death. Her comments on Turner's character in these letters are revealing. Form of citation: TU-H Box 1, Turner-Hooper Correspondence, 1910-1912. Also in Turner-Hooper Correspondencs, Boxes A-D: correspondence from other people. Turner Family letters These are now in Boxes A-K. 2: Manuscript Volumes Included in the Turner papers are a number of items of importance which have been separately preserved and catalogued. Notes on the contents of each of these volumes follow. Citation is to: TU Volume 1, etc. 1. TU Vol. 1, Red Book. This contains letters from students and friends written to Turner a the time he left the University of Wisconsin to go to Harvard. They were solicited by one of his former students, Professor James Alton James. Mounted in a red-colored book, they are normally in the form of holograph letters. Folders in the correspondence boxes refer to each of these letters. 2. TU Vol. II, Blue Book. When Turner retired from Harvard, his friends and former students held a dinner in his honor. This was arranged by his students in his seminar for 1923-1924. Letters and telegrams written by friends and former students who could not attend have been arranged in a blue-covered book inscribed: "Frederick Jackson Turner May 24, 1924." In the book also is an envelope holding newspaper clippings dealing with his retirement. 3. TU Vol. III (1 & 2), Commonplace Book. These consist of two paper-bound notebooks in which Turner jotted down his thoughts, quotations that appealed to him, rough drafts of orations, and miscellaneous items during the period 1883-1887 when he was a student and graduate student at the University of Wisconsin. This is a valuable collection of materials which indicate his interests and the evolution of his historical concepts. 4. TU Vol. IV, A. J. Turner, History of Portage. A volume prepared by Andrew Jackson Turner, Frederick J. Turner's father, entitled: "A History of Portage, Wisconsin: A Talk to the local Women's Club." Typescript, 12 pp., fol. c.1900, bound in hard covers. 5. TU Vol. V, Letters of Condolence. Fifty-two letters of condolence and appreciation addressed to Mrs. Frederick Jackson Turner between March 15, 1932 and November 22, 1932. Chronologically arranged in a portfolio, entitled: "Letters of Condolence and Appreciation Addressed to Caroline Mae (Sherwood) Turner, on the death of Her Husband, March 14, 1932." 6. TU Vol. VI, Collection of Syllabuses. These include both printed and manuscript syllabuses for period c. 1893 to 1909 on: English history (probably prepared by Professor Allen), The Colonization of North America, and The History of the West. Collected in hard-cover folder labeled: "Collection of Syllabuses: [c.1893-1909]. 7. TU Vol. VII, Bibliography of United States History. Manuscript bibliography of United States history, 1865-1910, prepared by Turner for his section of the Channing, Hart and Turner, Guide. Additions and corrections have been made in Turner's hand, and by others. 8. TU Vol. VIII, Dictionary of American Biography. Turner was a leading instigator in the publication of the Dictionary of American Biography under the sponsorship of the American Council of Learned Societies. This bound volume, collected by Turner, contains most of his correspondence in connection with the project. 9. TU Vol. IX, Town and Gown Club. A facsimile of a book entitled "Golden Anniversary Town and Gown, 1878-1928." The Town and Gown Club was an active organization in Madison, Wisconsin, to which Turner belonged. This book contains its records and history during his years of membership. His name is listed, but there are no comments or speeches by him recorded. 10. TU Vol. X, Diary and Correspondence Relating to Children. This volume contains several telegrams and letters received by the Turners at the time of the birth of their first daughter, Dorothy Kinsey Turner, on September 1, 1890. It also contains two diaries that Turner kept to record the day-by-day or week-by-week development of his children. The first, describing Dorothy Kinsley Turner, covers the period September 1, 1890 to September 1893. The second, a briefer document, is a diary of Allen Jackson Turner, June 26, 1892 to October, 1892. Handwritten on cheap paper mostly by Mrs. Turner. 11. TU Vol. XI, Journal of Camping Trip. A diary kept by Mrs. Frederick Jackson Turner during the summer of 1908 when the Turners camped with Mr. and Mrs. C. R. Van Hise, apparently in the Lake Superior country. Mr. Van Hise was president of the University of Wisconsin. Handwritten in pencil on small sheets of paper. 12. TU Vol. XII, Household Account Book. Notebook containing the household accounts, with notes of expenditures, of Mrs. Frederick Jackson Turner, Cambridge, Massachusetts, for rent, food, etc. Covers parts of 1921 and 1922. Written in pen in Mrs. Turner's hand. 13. TU Vols. XIII-XVIII, Student Notebooks. Common notebooks kept by Turner when he was a student at the University of Wisconsin. One bears notation: "Prof. Allen Hist. of U.S. Fred. J. Turner, Feb. 17, 1883." The remainder are undated, but presumably of the same period, and probably represent reading and lecture notes compiled in Professor Allen's course or later during Turner's graduate school career at Madison. Two notebooks marked "Am. History I 1492-1763," and "American History II 1763-1789," cover the colonial period. Three more on the "Period of the Republic" deal with aspects of that story: 1) Foreign Relations to 1820, 2) Political history to the Civil War, and 3) The Slavery Controversy to 1876. A final notebook covers the Civil War period, with heavy emphasis on battles. 14. TU Vol. XIX, Retiring Allowance Correspondence. Eighteen letters bound in a folder by Turner concerning his allowance on retirement. Included is the letter appointing him to his first teaching post in American history. 15. TU Vol. XX, References on the History of the West. Three copies of the Turner and Merk, List of References on the History of the West (1920 and 1922), heavily annotated by Turner. 3: File Drawers 1-22 These previously consisted of one bank of eighteen wooden, typewriter-size file drawers and four steel file drawers, numbered consecutively from one to twenty-two; now housed in 91 upright holinger boxes, numbered 1-22 and subdivided in consecutive letters. They contain the wide variety of materials accumulated by Professor Turner during his lifetime of reading American history: reading notes, occasional lecture notes, student papers, clippings from newspapers and magazines, maps that he prepared or found useful, offprints, magazine articles, and sections of books torn apart to e inserted at appropriate spots. Reference should be made to: TU File Drawer No. 1A, 1B, etc. A rough and tentative list of the contents of the various drawers follows: File Drawers 1 through 9. These contain materials noted above dealing with the period from early Colonial times to 1850. Contents of the separate drawers are as follows: • File Drawer No. 1. New England, 1492-1659; Middle Colonies, 1492-1659, South, 1492-1659, the West, 1492-1659; New England, 1660-1689; Middle Colonies, 1660-1689. • File Drawer No. 2. South, 1660-1689; General, 1690-1763; Middle Atlantic, 1690-1763; South, 1690-1763; New England, 1690-1763. • File Drawer No. 3. South, 1690-1763; West, 1690-1763; Far West, 1690-1763; General, 1761-1782; New England, 1764-1782; Middle Atlantic, 1764-1782. • File Drawer No. 4. West, 1764-1782; General, 1783-1788; New England, 1783-1788; Middle Atlantic, 1783-1788; West, 1783-1788. • File Drawer No. 5. General, 1789-1818. • File Drawer No. 6. General, 1789-1818 continued. • File Drawer No. 7. New England, 1789-1818; Middle Atlantic, 1789-1818; South, 1789-1818; West, 1789-1818; General, 1819-1829; New England, 1819-1829. • File Drawer No. 8. Middle Atlantic, 1819-1829; South, 1818-1829; Middle West, 1819-1829; Far West, 1818-1829; General, 1830-1850. • File Drawer No. 9. General, 1830-1850, continued. File drawer No. 10. This drawer, which is seemingly out of sequence, was found to contain far more useful material than the earlier drawers. Principally important are the lecture notes and completed lectures, especially those for the History of Liberty series given at Harvard University shortly after World War I. In these Turner reviewed many of his ideas concerning the nature of American society and its political institutions, often dwelling on his frontier and sectionalism themes in doing so. The drawer also contains notes for his lectures on political map studies, as well as a large number of maps that he apparently used for illustrative purposes while lecturing. The reading notes interspersed among these materials are largely for the 1830-1850 period. File Drawers 11 and 12. In these Professor Turner returned to his chronological sequence, as follows: • File Drawer No. 11. New England, 1830-1850; Middle Atlantic, 1830-1850; South, 1830-1820; Middle West, 1830-1850; Far West, 1830-1850; General, 1851-1865. • File Drawer No. 12. New England, 1851-1865; Middle Atlantic, 1851-1865; South, 1851-1865; Middle West, 1851-1865; Far West, 1851-1865. File Drawer No. 13. This, too, is seemingly out of place, a position probably explained by the fact that its contents were little used, and hence were relegated to the lowest level. It contains nothing but the research notes accumulated by Turner for his never-completed biography of George Rogers Clark. File Drawer No. 14. This drawer, and File Drawer No. 15, are the two most important for any student of Turner's historical concepts. Drawer No. 14 was apparently that occasionally referred to by Turner in his correspondence as the "Sectionalism" drawer; Drawer No. 15 he also sometimes designated as the "Frontier" drawer. The division, however, is by no means exact, and both drawers contain extremely valuable material on both subjects. In this drawer are the drafts, in various stages of completion, of several of his articles on sectionalism, notes and manuscripts of speeches, fragments of writing on the section, and the like. The materials have been placed in folders and many of them labeled. File Drawer No. 15. The contents of this drawer are even more important than those of Drawer No. 14 for a study of Turner as historian. It contains drafts of several of his articles, a number of speeches, essays in various stages of composition, and a wide range of biographical materials. Most of the items have been placed in folders, and labeled, many in the handwriting of Fulmer Mood. Any student with limited time available would do well to begin with this drawer, proceed to File Drawer No. 14 and to File Drawer 10, and then spend such time as remained on the other drawers in this bank. File Drawers 16 through 21. In these drawers Professor Turner filed the results of his reading and research on the period since 1866. They contain the usual items: reading notes, offprints, segments of books, articles, magazine clippings, maps, student notes, student papers, and an unusually large number of newspaper clippings, kept by Turner in his avid reading of contemporary events. Virtually the only material prepared by Turner in these drawers is his reading notes, and the drafts, usually first or second, of the sections that he prepared for the Channing, Hart and Turner Guide. There is little of interest on his frontier or sectional concepts, but the drawers do illustrate his catholic tastes, and his wide reading. Occasional research notes are buried midst the clippings, together with maps and charts that he probably used in teaching. The material emphasized in individual drawers is as follows: • File Drawer No. 16. General, 1866 to present. • File Drawer No. 17. General, 1866 to present. • File Drawer No. 18. General, 1866 to present. • File Drawer No. 19. General, 1866 to present. • File Drawer No. 20. New England, 1866 to present; Middle Atlantic, 1866 to present; South, 1866 to present; Middle West, 1866 to present. The bulk to the contents are in the latter category. At rear a few miscellaneous items, including skyscraper book. • File Drawer No. 21. The West, 1866 to present. In this drawer materials are arranged topically, under railroads, mining, cattlemen, agrarian movements, and the like. Many of the books and articles have been annotated or underlined by Turner, with his usual red pencil. At the rear of the drawer are several folders marked "Miscellany" which contain a variety of reading notes, bibliography, etc., dealing with an earlier period. File Drawer No. 22. In this drawer are the lecture notes apparently used by Professor Turner during his last teaching days at Harvard. The first portion contains notes for a course that begins about 1860 and continues through Reconstruction; the latter portion contains his notes for the second half of History 39, spring semester, 1924. These cover the period 1880 to 1920. The notes for each lecture are usually in rough form, with tables, maps and charts drawn by Turner to use as illustrative material, and the like. In only a few instances are the lectures written out in complete form. 4: File Drawers A-L These previously consisted of one bank of twelve steel file drawers, typewriter paper size, numbered consecutively A through L; now housed in 45 upright holinger boxes, numbered A-L and subdivided in consecutive numbers. They contain (with one exception noted below) the materials used by Professor Turner in writing his last book, The United States, 1830-1850. Included are, in most instances, his reading notes, outlines and fragments in Turner's hand, student theses, seminar reports, rough drafts of maps, charts, and elaborate tables and statistical data on which the maps were based. Rough drafts of the various parts of chapters are also to be found in some of the drawers. A rough and tentative listing of the contents of the various drawers follows: (Cited as TU File Drawer A1, A2... etc.) File Drawer A. [In folders at the front of the drawer are the correspondence between the Huntington Library and Henry Holt & Co. concerning the publishing of the book, and the accounts of Merrill H. Crissey, Professor Turner's secretary.] *All Holt correspondence has been placed in TU Box 63.* Then follow drafts of the chapters, usually typed carbons heavily corrected in Turner's hand. Drafts of the introduction and some other parts of chapters are in Turner's hand. Each chapter is accompanied by a series of notes and memoranda by the editors, which admirably illustrate the problems of posthumous publication. File Drawer B. This contains the rough data and Turner's notes for political developments during the period covered by the book. The large quantities of statistical data gathered by Professor Turner as the basis for his analysis of elections and for the maps of elections and congressional votes provide admirable evidence of the factual basis for each of his generalizations. This evidence was too voluminous to be shown in footnotes. File Drawer C. The material contained in this drawer deals largely with the public issues of the Jackson-Tyler administrations: nullification, the tariff, the bank war, the independent treasury, foreign relations, etc. Included are many copies of documents from archives in the United States and Europe, in addition to the usual reading notes, seminar reports, offprints, etc. File Drawer D. Included in this drawer are materials for the later political history of the period 1830-1850. Reading notes, maps, seminar reports, offprints, documents, etc. are supplemented by a few of Turner's rough-draft chapters extending through the Polk Administration. The rear of the drawer contains materials not yet reduced to written form when death intervened, extending the story to 1850. File Drawer E. In this drawer are various drafts of the manuscripts for the Lowell Institute Lectures that Turner delivered in Boston in 1918 on "The United States and its Sections, 1830-1850." Because many pages of the lectures were later removed to be incorporated in "the" book, most of the lectures are not complete. Enough of them remain to indicate the scope and interpretation of the subject. File Drawer F. This is devoted to materials for the chapter of the North Central States, 1830-1850. In contains a draft of the chapter, as well as the usual notes, maps, reading materials, etc. Specific items such as the effect of glaciation, population movements, the cost of moving west, and the like, illustrate again the staggering amount of evidence that underlay each generalization in the final draft. File Drawer G. This is also devoted exclusively to materials on the North Central States, with notes, memos, and manuscript drafts on such topics a agriculture, transportation, business, banking,and the land system. These are a number of preliminary drafts in Turner's hand of sections on canals, and other small parts of the whole. File Drawer H. In this drawer are comparable materials dealing with the political and cultural history of the North Central States, 1830-1850. File Drawer I. This drawer contains reading notes and similar materials for the first five chapters of the book: the introduction, the United States in 1830, and the discussions of New England, the Middle Atlantic states, and the South Atlantic states. In each case various drafts of the chapters or fragments of chapters are filed with the other notes. File Drawer J. In this are comparable materials for the chapters on the South Central states and for Texas and the Far West. There are no drafts of chapters included, but fragments of drafts are tucked in with the other materials. File Drawer K. This is devoted to materials on the Far West that formed a basis for the latter part of the Texas and Far West chapter. The usual reading notes, theses, pamphlets, offprints, etc. deal with such subjects as Indians, trade, settlement of Oregon, etc. File Drawer L. Largely compiled after Turner's death, and having little relation to the other materials in this bank of drawers, this drawer deals largely with the preparation posthumously of Turner's book of essays on Sections in American History. Included is the correspondence between the editors and Henry Holt & Co., the publishers, a folder of permissions from prior publishers of the materials, copies of each of the original essays sent to the publishers to be reproduced, and a variety of materials on sectionalism that have no connection with the book: many maps by Turner, one manuscript on sectionalism, jottings by Turner on the subject, offprints, articles, and similar materials on the subject. 5. Contents of 3 x 5 Files The following brief notes on the contents of the drawers are based only on a hurried examination, and are tentative. They are designed only to provide some introduction to a 778 rather complex note-taking system. Citation: 3 x 5 File Drawer No. 1. Drawer No. 1. Internal evidence (handwriting, a few scattered dates, etc.) suggests that this drawer was compiled and used in the 1890's and to about 1904. It contains bibliographical notes and brief reading notes on the social and economic history of the United States, and was perhaps compiled in connection with Professor Turner's course on that subject, given at the University of Wisconsin. A number of notes suggest the type of reading that he was doing at the time of the preparation of the "Frontier" essay. At the rear of the drawer is a section on "Immigration" apparently of the same period. This was possible collected when he was preparing the articles on immigration for the Chicago Record-Herald, August-October, 1901. Drawer No. 2. This drawer was also probably compiled during Turner's early teaching career. Material has been added later, however, distinguished by a later handwriting and differing paper types. Most of the cards contain bibliographical or reading notes, with the emphasis on sovereignty and nationalism. The Revolutionary Period receives most attention, but early social compacts are included as well as some later periods. Probably these notes were connected with Turner's course on American Constitutional History, given at Wisconsin. Drawer No. 3. A calendar prepared by Turner of three collections of manuscripts in the Library of Congress: the James Monroe, John Quincy Adams, and Albert Gallatin papers. Individual cards, arranged chronologically, describe each manuscript item. Drawer No. 4. A similar compilation and abstracting of the papers of James Barbour, Rufus King, and George Clinton, with a chronological arrangement employed under the heading of each individual. The latter portion of this drawer also contains a series of bibliography cards on American newspapers, and others on American public figures in the period 1820-1850. Drawer No. 5. This drawer contains a bibliography for the period 1820-1830. Arrangement is topical, with headings under "Gazetteers," "Newspapers," etc. Drawer No. 6. A chronological file of the period 1820-1830. Cards are arranged by year, and sometimes even by month within the yearly division. Most of the cards contain brief notes on research, dealing with all of the public issues of the day. (Note: for the probable use of this material by Turner in his writing, see note on his methodology, below, immediately after the description of Drawer No. 21). Drawer No. 7. This drawer contains research and bibliographical notes for the period 1820-1830, as does Drawer No. 6. Those in this drawer are, for the most part, arranged by subject, and deal largely with social, economic, and political events during the decade. Drawer No. 8. In this drawer Turner has arranged his biographical notes on which he based his essay on "The Children of the Pioneers." The first card in the box has a brief note in Turner's hand suggesting the method that he was to follow. The drawer is especially interesting in revealing the staggering amount of detailed work that underlay his statements. Drawer No. 9. Internal evidence suggests that this drawer, and those that follow, were for the most part arranged by Turner in his Harvard period. This drawer contains bibliographical material and brief research notes on the period from the Civil War to the 1880's, largely during the Grant and Hayes Administrations. Within each presidential administration, material is arranged under topical headings: "labor," "tariff," etc. Drawer No. 10. The contents of this drawer are comparable to those for Drawer No. 9, but for the period of the Harrison and Cleveland Administrations. Bibliographical information and brief reading notes are arranged topically. Drawer No. 11. Bibliographical and reading notes, arranged topically, for the period since 1900. Drawer No. 12. This contains a variety of material, largely bibliographic. Included, moving from the front to the rear of the drawer, are: a topical bibliography for the period 1865-1910, a bibliography on economic history, largely in this period, a bibliography on immigration and racial groups, apparently compiled later than that in Drawer No. 1; a small packet of cards held by a clip containing notes that appear to be related to Turner's early research and thought on sectionalism; and a miscellaneous bibliography dealing largely with the period 1865-1900. Note: The remaining drawers in the file were those used by Turner in writing his United States, 1830-1850. Their purpose will be made clear only after reading the following note on Turner's methodology and writing techniques. This was sent by Merrill H. Crissey, his secretary, to Avery Craven, on July 5, 1932, and is in TU Box 49, Correspondence, June 11-Dec., 1933: "Throughout the dictated portion of the book (including all the chapters on Presidential Administrations), the procedure, in the case of each chapter, was, first, to make a chronological card file of the raw material. Earlier researches had yielded a mass of notes, partly on cards (3" x 5", white), partly on paper. The former were at once put into a pasteboard-box file, by date; the latter were transferred to cards, which likewise went into the file. Additional cards were then prepared; material for these came from both secondary works (general histories and biographies --for a skeleton of events --and special studies deemed valuable for a particular phase of the narrative) and sources (principally the writings of political leaders, the debates in Congress, and contemporary journals). Guide cards, in color, were used for the years and months. Subject tabs (improved from gummed manila paper) were affixed to note cards bearing on topics or events of chief importance. This arrangement of notes made it easy to bring together material on any outstanding subject an d facilitated correlations. The file of notes was supplemented by sectional tabulations of Presidential-election votes and important votes in Congress." Mr. Crissey goes on to explain that Turner dictated from these notes, with the first draft recorded in triple-space; the resulting manuscript was then corrected and revised in several more versions. The following listing of the contents of drawers used in the compilation of this book uses the words employed by Turner in labeling each of the cardboard boxes from which the notes were transferred to the metal file cases: Drawer No. 13. "Correlation 1827-35." Drawer No. 14. "Campaign 1836 and Topics." Drawer No. 15. "1836 by States." Drawer No. 16. "1837." Drawer No. 17. "1838, 1839, 1840." Drawer No. 18. "1841-1843." Drawer No. 19. "Administration of James K. Polk, 1845-1849." In addition to the research notes referred to in Mr. Crissey's note above, the drawers of this series contain occasional small maps drawn by Turner, usually of congressional votes. 6: Black Boxes Nos. 1-14 The materials in these fourteen black boxes were apparently arranged by Mr. Merrill h. Crissey, Professor Turner's secretary, either before or after Turner's death. They consist of offprints, clippings from magazines and newspapers, pamphlets, small booklets, and an occasional student paper. Many of the items have been heavily underlined or annotated by Turner, and are valuable in indicating the nature of his historical reading and thinking. The items are numbered throughout, in Mr. Crissey's hand, from 1 to 298; the numbers that follow the drawer numbers below refer to this classification. Suggested form of citation: TU Black Box No. 1 (1-25), Item 1. Box No. 1 (1-25) Material dealing with the origin and outbreak of the Civil War. In some instances heavily annotated and with side comments by Turner. Box No. 2 (26-40) Continuation of materials on the Civil War. In addition to the usual offprints, clippings, pamphlets, etc., this box contains three student papers prepared in Turner's courses. Box No. 3 (41-64) A continuation of Civil War materials, with emphasis on military events. one student paper, from Turner's Harvard period, is included. Box No. 4 (65-83) Largely magazine clippings, but with a few additional items, dealing with the military history of the Civil War. Greatest emphasis is on the Battle of Gettysburg. Box No. 5 (84-100) A continuation of materials on the military history of the Civil War, with later battles emphasized. Box No. 6 (101-110) Materials dealing with diplomatic aspects of the Civil War. Box No. 7 (111-138) Reprints, pamphlets, clippings and the like concerning the early phases of Reconstruction, and particularly the administration of Andrew Johnson. Box No. 8 (139-159) A continuation of materials of reconstruction, with some also on the purchase of Alaska. Box No. 9 (160-168) Miscellaneous materials, having little relationship to contents of earlier boxes. Two items deserve special mention. One is a series of pages clipped from the 1890 census report containing the well-known passage on the closing of the frontier, underlined by Turner. The other is an 1891 advance sheet on the 1890 census, dealing with the spread of population between 1790-1890. (Items 163 and 164). Box No. 10 (169-206) Pamphlets, magazine articles, and newspaper clippings on technological developments and especially on the depletion of natural resources in relation to growing population needs. Source materials for Clark University address. Box No. 11 (207-228) Materials dealing with political history after Reconstruction, and emphasizing the Progressive Period. The last items are on labor and immigration history and policies for the period. Box No. 12 (229-249) Materials on labor are continued from the last box; this box also contains items on the South in the twentieth century. Newspaper clippings are more numerous than in many earlier boxes. Box No. 13 (250-274) Beginning with a few items on the South, this box also contains some materials on the Pacific Northwest and the northern Great Plains. A few items deal with foreign policy in the twentieth century. Box No. 14 (275-298) Clippings predominate in this box, on politics in the 1880's and 1920's. 7: Miscellaneous The following items are included in the collection of Turner papers: Maps. Maps drawn or used by Turner are in two filing-case size drawers. These include many political maps ofir others of a like nature used to illustrate his sectionalism concept. Note: In addition to the maps in these two drawers, hundreds of others are scattered through the large file drawers containing his research and reading notes. Student Thesis. One large file drawer contains a number of theses prepared in Turner's classes and seminars. These have been arranged alphabetically and labeled by Merrill H. Crissey, Mr. Turner's secretary. They have also been dated where this is possible. Note: Many other theses, term papers, and seminar reports prepared in Professor Turner's classes are scattered through File Drawers 1-22 and A-L. Lantern Slides. The lantern slides used by Turner in his teaching and lectures are collected in nine special boxes. These are apparently exactly as they were left by Turner, with one box containing slides for the lecture given at Pasadena, probably untouched since the lecture was given. Many of the slides are of political maps, elections, congressional votes, etc., prepared by Turner. Ephemera. Miscellaneous materials having only a remote connection to Turner's career as teacher or scholar have been assembled in a flat cardboard box labeled "Ephemera." Most of these are of little value to the student. Included are many of the advertisements and similar material received through the mails after his death. 8: Index cards These index cards consist of typewritten and handwritten notes regarding Turner and Western history.

  mssTU

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  Conrad Aiken papers

  Manuscripts

  This collection contains the personal and professional papers of American author Conrad Aiken. The collection includes his correspondence (chiefly letters addressed to him), dealing with his business and literary affairs, manuscripts of his works, with some photographs and ephemera. The manuscripts include poems published in "Skylight One" (1949), "The Divine Pilgrim" (1949), "A Letter from Li Po" (1955), "Sheepfold Hill" (1955), "The Morning Song of Lord Zero" (1963); "The Clerk's Journal: Being the Diary of a Queer Man" (1911)" a notebook (1911-1925) containing literary notes, addresses, etc. essays, notes, the first draft of Aiken's autobiography, etc. Correspondents include: Jane Aiken Hodge, Joan Aiken, John Aiken, Mary Augusta Hoover Aiken, William Ford Aiken, Rufus Blanshard, Brandt & Brandt (firm), D. G. Bridson, Edward John Burra, Horatio Colony, Malcolm Cowley, Richard Eberhart, T. S. Eliot, Jean Garrigue, Erich Heller, Dame Laura Knight, Seymour Lawrence, Malcolm Lowry, Grayson Prevost McCouch, Jay Martin , Henry Alexander Murray, Howard Nemerov, Allen Tate, Kempton Potter Aiken Taylor, Louis Untermeyer, and others. The collection includes: Manuscripts by Conrad Aiken: A wealth of original autograph and typescript drafts is to be found in the collection. The majority consists of manuscripts of poems published in Skylight One (1949), The Divine Pilgrim (1949), A Letter from Li Po (1955), Sheepfold Hill (1955), and The Morning Song of Lord Zero (1963) The Clerk's Journal: Being the Diary of a Queer Man (16 pp.; Jan. 9, 1911), an original autograph manuscript of the poem written for an English course at Harvard University (AIK 2798). The manuscript includes marginal comments by the instructor, Le Baron Russell Briggs, and is accompanied by the proof sheets for the 1971 edition and an early (1970)draft of Aiken's preface, entitled "A Short Memoir of Harvard, Dean Briggs, T. S. Eliot, in 1911" (AIK 3644) The Conversation; or Pilgrim's Progress (226 pp.; ca. 1940), the first type­ script of the novel. AIK 3393 Mr. Arcularis (1946 to ca. 1952), eleven drafts of the short story/play. In 1946 Diana Hamilton's dramatization of Aiken's short story was produced at the Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith, London, under the title Fear No More. Deemed a failure by its producers, the play was revised. Hamilton, however, was suffering from brain cancer, so Aiken made the extensive changes leading to its production at the Arena Stage in Washington, D.C., May 8-27, 1951. Following further revisions, the play was published by Harvard University Press in 1957. The collection also contains four versions of Hamilton's Fear No More. AIK 3774-3784 Nine Poems (9 pp.; 1952), typewritten manuscript with a few autograph corrections of a piece published in the Aiken commemorative issue of Wake, acquired by the Huntington in 1984. AIK 4714 Notebook (one volume; 1911-1925), containing literary notes, addresses, etc. AIK 3588 The Soldier (29 pp.; ca. 1945), the first draft of the poem, written in pencil in a composition book. AIK 3399 Time in the Rock (112 pp.; ca. 1936), the first draft of the poem, typewritten with numerous autograph revisions. AIK 3698 The Tinsel Circuit (33 pp.; 1916), the original version of a group of 19 poems. Aiken published slightly revised versions of the seven poems as "Vaudeville Suite" in the fall, 1955, issue of the Carolina Quarterly. Nine of the poems were later revised extensively and published in The Morning Song of Lord Zero (1963). AIK 3699 Ushant: An Essay (319 pp.; 1951-1952), Aiken's autobiography, the most important item in the collection . This is the first draft, with extensive autograph revisions in ink and pencil. Also, fragmentary notes for the autobiography (eleven pieces; ca. 1946); and Ushant: An Intermediate Fragment (7 pp.; 1952), a typescript draft with autograph corrections of the text published in the Aiken commemorative issue of Wake (acquired by the Huntington in 1984). (Volume 2: AIK 3401); 4187; 4715. II. Manuscripts by others Clarice (Lorenz) Aiken. Lorelei Two (18 pp.), outline of an autobiography by Conrad Aiken's second wife, acquired in 1984. AIK 4765. William Ford Aiken. Eighty-nine manuscripts of poems and essays by Conrad Aiken's father, a Savannah physician, amateur poet, and inventor. Included in his manuscripts is "Isolation," a poem found after the murder- suicide of Dr. Aiken and Anna Aiken (Potter) Aiken. AIK 2917-3003. Malcolm Cowley. "The Blown Door," typescript of poem in letter to Conrad Aiken, Nov. 5, 1955. AIK 327. Graham Greene. Typewritten reviews of Aiken's King Coffin and Great Circle. AIK 3410. Clarence Malcolm Lowry. "Spiderweb," "Alcoholic," "Dark Path," and "Sonnet," four early poems sent to Conrad Aiken, 1929. AIK 2489. ------ "The doom of each, said Doctor Usquebaugh ...," typewritten poem enclosed in a letter to Aiken, Apr. 9, 1940. AIK 2488. "Tom, by airmale," notes for a poem? AIK 2490. ------ Ultramarine (1 volume; ca. 1929), part of an early draft of the novel, with autograph revisions by Aiken. Also, three pages of notes for chapter one, and a single page of an early draft. (Volume 1: AIK 3381). ------ "Work for Conrad" (2 pp.; 1937), four poems written for Aiken. AIK 3418. ------ "To Seymour Lawrence" (16 pp.; Nov. 28- Dec. 4, 1951), corrected typescript of letter about Aiken published in the commemorative issue of Wake, acquired by the Huntington in 1984. AIK 4751. Correspondence Significant correspondents include: Mary Augusta (Hoover) Aiken (b. 1907) is Conrad Aiken's third wife, married in 1937. The collection includes 70 letters and one telegram from Mary to Conrad between 1936 and 1955, the majority written in 1947 while Mary was in Rye, Sussex, England, seeing to the sale of Jeake's House and reporting to Conrad at Forty-one Doors in Brewster, Massachusetts (AIK 3291-3361) . Also included are 190 letters from Conrad to Mary, written from 1936 to 1973, with most again dating from 1947. The lively exchanges provide insight into the Aikens' relationship as well as the details of day-to-day life in Rye and Brewster (AIK 3099-3288). Of special literary interest are Conrad's letters of 1939, which contain drafts of sonnets published in And in the Human Heart. William Ford Aiken (d. 1901). Of the many letters written by Conrad Aiken's father to various family members, the most interesting are 34 sent to his parents while he studied medicine in Europe in 1886-1887 (AIK 2827-2860). Brandt & Brandt, Aiken's American agents. Publishing and related literary business details regarding Aiken's works are covered in 36 letters to Aiken between 1934 and 1976 (AIK 153-180, 1655, 2008-2009, 3405-3406, 3921-3922, 4613) and in one letter to the firm from Aiken in 1958 (AIK 4174). Edward John Burra (1905-1976) , English surrealist painter who lived in Rye and was a close, life-long friend of Aiken's. Their warm, humorous correspondence is replete with personal and social details and anecdotes, covering the period from the 1930s to the 1970s in 200 letters by Burra (AIK 2197-2392, 3940-3942) and 109 by Aiken (AIK 2397, 3097-3098, 4266-4372). The collection also contains 3 letters to Jay H. Martin (AIK 4615-4617) from Burra. Malcolm Cowley (b. 1898). Sixty long, frequently humorous letters written from 1935 to 1973 reflect the warm Cowley-Aiken friendship. Cowley writes thoughtfully and at length on Aiken's poetry and on Ushant, and he records his outspoken comments on many literary matters relating to other authors, such as Faulkner, Hemingway, Eliot, Pound, Randall Jarrell, Delmore Schwartz, Thomas Wolfe, Malcolm Lowry, and others (AIK 328-377, 3969-3978). John Davenport (1908-1966), English reviewer of modern literature. The correspondence includes 18 letters by Davenport, 1935 to 1965 (AIK 392-409). Conrad Aiken's 72 letters, covering the same time period,are especially valuable for details of his literary and other activities during the 1940's (AIK 3789-3859, 4205). Highlights are long references to Malcolm Lowry and Under the Volcano, as well as mention of John Burra, Ezra Pound, and Aiken's Mr. Arcularis. Thomas Stearns Eliot (1888-1965). A fine series of 65 letters, 1914-1963, to Aiken reflecting their close friendship (AIK 485-549). Of particular significance are the revealing and introspective early letters. This correspondence contains verses by the young Eliot, as well as his comments about his own writing and his opinions of Aiken's works. Later letters deal with literary business concerning Aiken's contributions to Criterion. Eleven letters by Valerie (Fletcher) Eliot, 1960-1970, include references to Eliot and Ezra Pound (AIK 550-559, 3987). Maurice Firuski (1894-1978)was a friend and classmate of Aiken at Harvard; in 1919 he became the proprietor of Dunster House Bookshop in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and later of Housatonic Bookshop in Salisbury, Connecticut. The 16 letters from Firuski (AIK 579-593, 3993) and an extraordinary series of 83 letters by Aiken between 1920 and 1973 reveal much concerning Aiken's personal and literary life (AIK 921-1002, 4407). Seymour Lawrence (b. 1926), editor and publisher of Wake, editor at the Atlantic Monthly Press, and founder and president of Seymour Lawrence, Inc. Eight letters (1948-1953) from Lawrence to Conrad and Mary Aiken chiefly concern the 1952 Aiken commemorative issue of Wake (AIK 696-703). A 1984 acquisition brought to the Huntington 33 letters from Aiken to Lawrence, 1952-1953 (AIK 4716-4748), as well as correspondence about the issue from Frederick Newton Arvin, Richard Palmer Blackmur, Archibald MacLeish, Marianne Moore, Walter Piston, and Edmund Wilson. Manuscripts submitted for the issue by Conrad Aiken and Malcolm Lowry are listed above in the Manuscripts section. Robert Newton Linscott (1886-1964), editor at Houghton Mifflin Company and Random House. Of the 40 lively, entertaining letters to Aiken, 1919-1961, those for the 1920s have particular value for the contemporary literary scene (AIK 704-742, 2805). Clarence Malcolm Lowry (1909-1957). The young Lowry became fascinated with Aiken's writing and visited him in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in August, 1929. In that year Aiken became Lowry's guardian, and the two remained close until Lowry's death. The collection contains important files of 53 letters (1929- 1954) from Lowry (AIK 2493-2538, 2540-2546) and 15 letters (1939-1954) written by Aiken (AIK 2549-2562, 4785). The correspondence attests to their long, close friendship and is excellent for personal and literary details of Lowry's life. Grayson Prevost McCouch, "Old Bird," Aiken's classmate from Middlesex School, Concord, and Harvard. Their long friendship is represented in 15 letters (ca. 1925-1977) from McCouch to Conrad and Mary Aiken (AIK 1108-1115, 4062-4067, 4629) and in 53 letters (1911-1973) by Aiken (AIK 4408-4458, 4835, 3875). David Merrill Markson (b. 1927), author and friend of Malcolm Lowry. There are 11 letters from Markson to Conrad and Mary Aiken (1954-1973; AIK 1136-1144, 4069-4070), and in 1984 the collection increased by 45 letters from Aiken to David and Elaine Markson (AIK 4786-4830). Much social and some literary news is recounted, and the early letters contain references to Lowry. Jay H. Martin (b. 1935). After seeking Aiken's advice about writing poetry, Martin became a close friend and later wrote a major critical study of Aiken. The correspondence includes 53 letters by Martin (AIK 1169-1219, 4072-4073) and 101 by Aiken dating from the early 1950s to 1970s and is interesting for Aiken's retrospective comments about his own poetry (AIK 4581-4582, 4482-4578, 4704-4705). John Orley Allen Tate (1899-1979). Personal and literary matters are discussed in 105 letters to Conrad and Mary Aiken written between 1949 and 1973 (AIK 1751-1843, 4132-4136, 4139-4141) and in a 1973 letter from Aiken to Tate (AIK 3876). The Sewanee Review is mentioned, as well as such literary figures as Eliot and Lowry. Kempton Potter Aiken Taylor (b. 1893), Conrad Aiken's brother, adopted in 1901 by Frederick Winslow Taylor. An intimate and revealing look at the brothers is provided in 62 letters (1912-1973) by Taylor (AIK 2878, 1841-1903, 2415-2417, 4144) and 106 letters (1931-1972) by Aiken (AIK 1904-2007, 2144-2145). Louis Untermeyer (1885-1977). These lively, often cordially disputatious letters between Untermeyer and Aiken feature frank and detailed analyses of their own and one another's work. Many other authors and literary matters are also dealt with, energetically and at length, in 52 letters (1919-1973) by Untermeyer (AIK 838-888, 4154) and in Aiken's 20 letters written between 1954 and 1969, acquired by the Huntington in 1982 (AIK 4679-4698). Additional correspondents of note: Leonie (Fuller) Adams, 12 letters and telegrams, 1948-1973. AIK 1-11, AIK 3385. James Agee, 1 letter, 1931. AIK 13. Martin Donisthorpe Armstrong, 5 letters, 1914-1929. AIK 47-51. Gordon Bassett, 5 letters, 1940-1951. AIK 74-78. John Berryman, 3 letters, 1953-1964. AIK 84-86. George Biddle, 7 letters, 1956-1969. AIK 89-94, 3912. Katherine Garrison (Chapin) Biddle, 12 letters, 1952-1973. AIK 2605-2613, AIK 3913-3915. Elizabeth Bishop, 3 letters, 1949-1950. AIK 96-98. Richard Palmer Blackmur, 5 letters, 1931-1961. AIK 100-103, AIK 4750. Rufus Anderson Blanshard, 18 letters, 1956-1973. AIK 104-120, AIK 3916. Maxwell Bodenheim, 7 letters, 1918-1919. AIK 127-133. Alain Bosquet, 9 letters, 1955-1962. AIK 137-145. Douglas Geoffrey Bridson, 16 letters, 1951-1973. AIK 192-204, AIK 3930-3932. Cleanth Brooks, 6 letters, 1953-1956. AIK 209-214. Van Wyck Brooks, 6 letters, 1921-1923. AIK 2625-2629, AIK 4614. Winifred Bryher, 4 letters, 1933-1951. AIK 218-221. Kenneth Duva Burke, 4 letters, 1964-1972. AIK 224-226, AIK 3937. Witter Bynner, 1 letter, 1955. AIK 236. Princess Marguerite Gaetani, 2 letters, 1948? AIK 1728-1729. Gordon Cairnie, 7 letters, 1951-1969. AIK 237-241, AIK 3946-3947. Huntington Cairns, 8 letters, ca. 1949-1973. AIK 242-248, AIK 3948. Horatio Colony, 16 letters, 1935-1973. AIK 292-304, AIK 3961-3963. Cyril Vernon Connolly, 2 letters, 1945-1947. AIK 308-309. Evelyn Dagnall (of A.M. Heath and co.), 12 letters, 1946-1952. AIK 1332-1343. Hilda Doolittle, 11 letters, 1933-1935. AIK 421-431. Edward Doro, 3 letters, 1971-1973. AIK 432-433, 3984. Richard Eberhart, 25 letters, 1943-1951. AIK 446-470. Luther Harris Evans, 5 letters, 1947-1953. AIK 561-565. John Gould Fletcher, 7 letters, 1931-1948. AIK 594-600. Ford Madox Ford, 1 letter, 1931. AIK 607. John Freeman, 6 letters, 1920-ca. 1930. AIK 611-616. Robert Lee Frost, 2 letters, 1922-1923. AIK 619-620. Jean Garrigue, 14 letters, ca. 1949-ca. 1973. AIK 2662-2675. Diana Hamilton, 4 letters, 1946. AIK 1737-1740. A.M. Heath and company, Ltd. (Aiken's English agents), 6 letters, 1947-1957. AIK 649-653, AIK 2680. Erich Heller, 16 letters, 1953-1973. AIK 1012-1025, AIK 4018-4019. Robert Silliman Hillyer, 4 letters, 1930-ca. 1949. AIK 659-662. Catharine Huntington, 7 letters, 1949-ca. 1974. AIK 2706-2709, AIK 4037-4039. Ernst and Eithne (Wilkins) Kaiser, 10 letters, 1954-1964. AIK 2715-2724. Neva Goodwin (Rockefeller) Kaiser, 22 letters, 1966-ca. 1974. AIK 1346-1364. Weldon Kees, 5 letters, 1949-1954. AIK 690-694. Harold and Dame Laura (Johnson) Knight, 25 letters, 1932-1963. AIK 1043, AIK 1045-1069. Alfred Kreymborg, 4 letters, 1919-1922. AIK 2726-2729. Alexis Saint-Leger Leger, 1 letter, 1958. AIK 2733. Amy Lowell, 5 letters, 1921-1922. AIK 744-748. Robert Traill Spence Lowell, 4 letters, 1947-1956. AIK 2735-2738. Archibald MacLeish, 4 letters, 1949-ca. 1955. AIK 750-752, AIK 4752. Katherine Mansfield, 1 letter, 1921. AIK 753. Harold Edward and Alida (Klemantaski) Monro, 10 letters, 1930-1935. AIK 754-763. Marianne Moroe, 6 letters, 1951-1952. AIK 4753-4758. Nicholas Moore, 4 letters, 1942-1947. AIK 1246-1249. Lawrence Quincy Mumford, 5 letters, 1955-1968. AIK 765-769. Lewis Mumford, 5 letters, 1952-1972. AIK 1253-1256, AIK 4080. Henry Alexander Murray, 32 letters, 1931-ca. 1974. AIK 2754, 1257-1284, AIK 4081-4083. Paul Nash, 13 letters, 1934-1945. AIK 2755-2767. Howard Nemerov, 17 letters, 1963-1973. AIK 1296-1311, AIK 4087. Charles Norman, 3 letters, 1945-1961. AIK 770-772. Norreys Jephson O'Conor, 2 letters, 1948-1952. AIK 1382-1383. Oxford University Press, 17 letters, 1949-1973. AIK 1387-1403, AIK 4090-4091. Charles A. Pearce, 7 letters, 1948-1951. AIK 1411-1417. Norman Holmes Pearson, 2 letters, 1952-1971. AIK 773-774. Clover Pertinez, 24 letters, 1948-1971. AIK 1422-1442, 2413-2414, AIK 1443-1448. Charles Horace Philbrick, 31 letters, 1958-1971. AIK 1455-1485. Walter Piston, 7 letters, 1931-ca. 1974. AIK 1491-1496, AIK 4759. Katherine Anne Porter, 1 letter, 1952. AIK 1512. Alfred Claghorn Potter, 27 letters, 1925-1940. AIK 1515-1541. Ezra Loomis Pound, 2 letters, 1914-ca. 1934. AIK 1554-1555. Ivor Armstrong Richards, 9 letters, 1966-1973. AIK 780-783, AIK 4100-4104. Edwin Arlington Robinson, 6 letters, 1922-1923. AIK 1581-1586. Robert Alden Sanborn, 1 letter, 1923. AIK 2782. Mark Scharer, 11 letters, 1946-1973. AIK 790-796, 4109-4112. Delmore Schwartz, 6 letters, 1942-1956. AIK 784-789. Karl Jay Shapiro, 14 letters, 1945-1953. AIK 802-814. Theodore Spencer, 5 letters, 1930-1948. AIK 816-820. Wallace Stevens, 2 letters, 1922-1952. AIK 825-826. John Lincoln and Maire Sweeney, 23 letters, 1955-1975. AIK 1674-1691, AIK 4126-4130. Thurairajah Tambimuttu, 11 letters, 1948-1972. AIK 828-836, AIK 1750, AIK 4131. James Thurber, 2 letters, 1951-1952. AIK 4761-4762. Mark Albert Van Doren, 1 letter, 1951. AIK 4763. Robert Penn Warren, 5 letters, 1960-1970. AIK 899-903. George B. Wilbur, 20 letters, 1922-ca. 1974. AIK 2111-2122, AIK 4162-4169. Oscar Williams, 6 letters, 1941-1964. AIK 905-910. William Carlos Williams, 4 letters, 1919-1952. AIK 911-914. Edmund Wilson, 4 letters, 1951-1954. AIK 916-918, AIK 4764. The collection also includes some audio recordings and films, photographs, ephemera, honorary awards, engagement books, financial records, publishing, theatrical and musical agreements, copies of reviews, and guardianship papers and receipts collected by Aiken's guardian.

  mssAIK 1-4904